The preparation of supported ionic liquids (SILs) and their application in rare metals separation
The preparation of supported ionic liquids (SILs) and their application in rare metals separation
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DOI：
10.1007/s11426-012-4632-8
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发表时间：
2012-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Lili Zhu;Lin Guo;Zhen-jiang Zhang;Ji Chen;Shaoming Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lili Zhu;Lin Guo;Zhen-jiang Zhang;Ji Chen;Shaoming Zhang
综述了载体离子液体的制备方法及其在稀有金属分离中的应用。稀有金属的分离包括高价值金属离子的回收和废水中重金属离子的去除。SILS可以作为一种高效的多功能分离材料。SILs的制备方法包括化学固定化技术和物理固定化技术，前者通过共价键将ILS部分固定在固体载体上，后者通过简单浸渍、溶胶-凝胶法等物理方法将ILS固定在固体载体上。根据固体载体的不同，综述了聚合物支载离子液体(P-SILS)、硅基材料支载离子液体(SM-SILS)和膜支载离子液体(M-SILS)在稀有金属分离中的应用。化学法合成的含N-甲基咪唑基团的P-SILS和SM-SILS是一种热稳定性高、化学稳定性好的高效阴离子交换剂，可吸附Cr(VI)、Re(VII)、Ce(IV)。用简单浸渍法制备的P-SILS树脂(SIRS)对稀土(III)(Res(III))具有较高的分离效率和选择性。采用溶胶-凝胶法将IL掺杂到载体中作为致孔剂或萃取剂制备的SM-SILS对RE(III)、Cr(III)和Cr(VI)的分离具有很高的去除效率和良好的稳定性。以IL为增塑剂或载体的M-SILs具有更好的稳定性、较高的渗透系数和良好的铬(VI)迁移选择性。充分比较了不同的支架和不同的支架方法。根据不同的实际应用，可以制备不同形态的离子液体分离稀有金属，具有较高的分离效率和选择性。
This review summarizes the preparation methods of support ionic liquids (SILs) and their applications in rare metals separation. The rare metals separation includes the recovery of high value metal ions and the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater. SILs can be used as a kind of highly efficient multifunctional separation materials. The preparation methods of SILs include chemical immobilization technique in which ILs moieties are supported on solid supports via covalent bonds and physical immobilization techniques in which ILs are immobilized on solid supports via physical method such as simple impregnation, sol-gel method. According to the difference of solid supports, this review summarizes the application of polymer supported ionic liquids (P-SILs), silica based material supported ionic liquids (SM-SILs) and membrane supported ionic liquids (M-SILs) in rare metals separation. P-SILs and SM-SILs prepared by chemical method withN-methylimidazolium group can be used as highly efficient anion exchangers with high thermal stability and good chemical stability for adsorption of Cr(VI), Re(VII), Ce(IV). P-SILs prepared via simple impregnation afforded IL functionalized solvent impregnated resins (SIRs) which showed high separation efficiency and selectivity in the separation of rare earths(III) (REs(III)). SM-SILs prepared via sol-gel method with IL doped in the support as porogens or extractant show high removal efficiencies and excellent stability for the separation of RE(III), Cr(III) and Cr(VI). M-SILs with IL as plasticizer or carrier show improved stability, high permeability coefficient and good selectivity for Cr(VI) transport. Different supports and different supporting methods were sufficiently compared. Based on the different practical application, different forms of SILs can be prepared for separation of rare metals with high separation efficiency and selectivity.