Factors related to driving difficulty and habits in older drivers
Factors related to driving difficulty and habits in older drivers
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DOI：
10.1016/s0001-4575(00)00055-5
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发表时间：
2001-05-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Sims, RV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lyman, JM;McGwin, G;Sims, RV
目的：评估老年驾驶员的慢性健康状况、功能、认知和视力障碍与驾驶难度和习惯之间的关联。设计：横断面研究。环境。阿拉巴马州莫比尔县。参与者：阿拉巴马州莫比尔县共有 901 名 65 岁或以上、于 1996 年拥有驾驶执照的居民。测量：通过电话收集有关人口特征、功能限制、慢性病、驾驶习惯以及视觉和认知功能的信息。本研究中的三个因变量是驾驶困难，定义为在大于或等于 3 次驾驶情况（例如夜间）时报告的困难，年估计里程低，定义为 1996 年驾驶少于 3000 英里，以及每周驾驶天数低（少于或等于 3 天）。结果：跌倒、肾脏疾病或中风病史与驾驶困难有关。有肾病史的老年驾驶员比没有肾病的受试者更有可能报告年行驶里程较低。年行驶里程低也与认知障碍有关。一般来说，有功能障碍的老年驾驶员更有可能每周驾驶时间少于 4 天。有白内障或高血压病史的老年驾驶员更有可能报告每周驾驶天数较少，而有视力障碍的受试者遇到驾驶困难以及每周驾驶天数较少的风险增加。结论。研究结果强调需要进一步了解对老年驾驶员驾驶独立性和行动能力产生负面影响的因素，以及改善老年人和医疗保健专业人员之间关于驾驶的沟通的重要性。 (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Objectives: To evaluate the association between chronic medical conditions, functional, cognitive, and visual impairments and driving difficulty and habits among older drivers. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting. Mobile County, Alabama. Participants: A total of 901 residents of Mobile County, Alabama aged 65 or older who possessed a driver's license in 1996. Measurements: Information on demographic characteristics, functional limitations, chronic medical conditions, driving habits, and visual and cognitive function were collected via telephone. The three dependent variables in this study were difficulty with driving, defined as any reported difficulty in greater than or equal to 3 driving situations (e.g. at night), low annual estimated mileage, defined as driving less than 3000 miles in 1996, and low number of days (less than or equal to 3) driven per week. Results: A history of falls, kidney disease or stroke was associated with difficulty driving. Older drivers with a history of kidney disease were more likely to report a low annual mileage than subjects without kidney disease. Low annual mileage was also associated with cognitive impairment. In general, older drivers with a functional impairment were more likely to drive less than 4 days per week. Older drivers with a history of cataracts or high blood pressure were more likely to report a low number of days driven per week, while subjects with visual impairment were at increased risk of experiencing difficulty driving as well as low number of days driven per week. Conclusions. The results underscore the need to further understand the factors negatively affecting driving independence and mobility in older drivers, as well as the importance of improved communication between older adults and health care professionals regarding driving. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.