Detection Times for Urinary Ethyl Glucuronide and Ethyl Sulfate in Heavy Drinkers during Alcohol Detoxification
Detection Times for Urinary Ethyl Glucuronide and Ethyl Sulfate in Heavy Drinkers during Alcohol Detoxification
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DOI：
10.1093/alcalc/agn084
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Beck, Olof
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Helander, Anders;Bottcher, Michael;Beck, Olof
目的：乙基葡萄糖醛酸乙酯(EtG)和硫酸乙酯(ETS)是饮酒后少量形成的乙醇结合代谢物。与乙醇相比，EtG和ETS在尿中排泄时间较长，因此可用作敏感的酒精生物标志物。本研究测定了酒精戒毒患者EtG和Ets的检测次数。方法：对32例呼气试验初始酒精浓度<1g/L的酒精依赖者在脱毒过程中进行跟踪观察。在入院时采集尿样测定EtG、Ets、乙醇和肌酐，此后每天采集一次，连续几天。用液-质联用(LC-MS)和免疫化学方法(DRI-EtG EIA，ThermoFisher/Microgenics)测定ETG和ETS。结果：尿白蛋白检测时间与初始酒精浓度(1.0~3.4g/L)呈弱相关(r=0.434，P=0.013)。对于ETG，直到回到应用的截止限值(<；0.5 mg/L)以下的个人时间范围类似于40-130h(中位数78)，ETS观察到类似的时间进程。在校正尿液稀释度后，直到EtG/肌酐比值<0.5 mg/g的时间与40-90小时相似(中位数65)。在估计的乙醇浓度为零后，EtG的检测时间类似于30-110h(中位数66)，EtG/肌酐的检测时间类似于30-70h(中位数56)。LC-MS检测EtG结果与免疫分析结果吻合较好。结论：在酒精戒毒过程中，尿液中仍可检测到EtG和ETS数天。在调整尿液稀释度和完全消除酒精的估计时间后，检测时间显示出很大的个体间差异。
Aims: Ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulfate (EtS) are conjugated ethanol metabolites formed in low amounts after alcohol consumption. Compared with ethanol, EtG and EtS are excreted in urine for a prolonged time, making them useful as sensitive alcohol biomarkers. This study determined the detection times for EtG and EtS in alcoholic patients undergoing alcohol detoxification. Methods: Alcohol-dependent patients (n = 32) with an initial alcohol concentration >= 1 g/L based on breath testing were followed during detoxification. Urine samples for determination of EtG, EtS, ethanol and creatinine were collected on admission to the hospital and thereafter once daily for several days. EtG and EtS measurements were performed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and EtG also using an immunochemical assay (DRI-EtG EIA, ThermoFisher/Microgenics). Results: The detection time for urinary EtG was weakly correlated (r = 0.434, P = 0.013) with the initial alcohol concentration (range 1.0-3.4 g/L). For EtG, the individual time range until return to below the applied cut-off limit (< 0.5 mg/L) was similar to 40-130 h (median 78) with a similar time course observed for EtS. After correction for urine dilution, the time until an EtG/creatinine ratio < 0.5 mg/g was similar to 40- 90 h (median 65). The detection times after an estimated zero ethanol concentration were similar to 30-110 h (median 66) for EtG and similar to 30- 70 h (median 56) for EtG/creatinine. The EtG results by LC-MS and the immunoassay were in good agreement. Conclusions: During alcohol detoxification, EtG and EtS remained detectable in urine for several days. The detection times showed wide inter-individual variations, also after adjusting values for urine dilution and to the estimated times for a completed ethanol elimination.