Tracking prototype and exemplar representations in the brain across learning.
Tracking prototype and exemplar representations in the brain across learning.
复制标题
在学习过程中跟踪大脑中的原型和示例性表示。
DOI：
10.7554/elife.59360
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发表时间：
2020-11-26
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Zeithamova D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bowman CR;Iwashita T;Zeithamova D
关于类别是由个体类别成员（范例）还是由从个体成员（原型）中抽象出来的集中趋势来代表的争论由来已久。神经影像学研究显示了范例表征或原型表征的神经证据，但不是两者都有。目前，我们问是否有可能在一个任务中存在多种类型的类别表示。我们设计了一个分类任务来促进范例和原型表征，并在学习过程中跟踪它们的形成。在最终测试中，我们只发现了原型相关。然而，在学习过程中穿插的中期测试显示，原型和范例表征跨越不同的大脑区域，与先前的研究一致：原型在腹内侧前额叶皮层和海马前部，范例在额下回和外侧顶叶皮层。这些发现表明，在适当的情况下，个体可能会形成多个层次的特异性表征，从而潜在地促进广泛的未来决策。
There is a long-standing debate about whether categories are represented by individual category members (exemplars) or by the central tendency abstracted from individual members (prototypes). Neuroimaging studies have shown neural evidence for either exemplar representations or prototype representations, but not both. Presently, we asked whether it is possible for multiple types of category representations to exist within a single task. We designed a categorization task to promote both exemplar and prototype representations and tracked their formation across learning. We found only prototype correlates during the final test. However, interim tests interspersed throughout learning showed prototype and exemplar representations across distinct brain regions that aligned with previous studies: prototypes in ventromedial prefrontal cortex and anterior hippocampus and exemplars in inferior frontal gyrus and lateral parietal cortex. These findings indicate that, under the right circumstances, individuals may form representations at multiple levels of specificity, potentially facilitating a broad range of future decisions.