SEATED OCCUPANT APPARENT MASS CHARACTERISTICS UNDER AUTOMOTIVE POSTURES AND VERTICAL VIBRATION
SEATED OCCUPANT APPARENT MASS CHARACTERISTICS UNDER AUTOMOTIVE POSTURES AND VERTICAL VIBRATION
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DOI：
10.1006/jsvi.2001.4249
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发表时间：
2002-05
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
S. Rakheja;I. Haru;P. Boileau
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Rakheja;I. Haru;P. Boileau
本文报道了24名人体受试者(男12名，女12名)坐在具有代表性的汽车姿势下的生物动力学表观质量响应特征。测量是在0.25m/s2r.m.s、0.5m/s2r.ms和1.0m/s2r.m.s白噪声垂直激励下进行的。0.5-40赫兹频率范围内的加速度大小和轨道测量输入(1.07m/s2)。对测量数据进行了分析，研究了手的位置、身体质量、振动激励的大小和类型以及脚的位置对以表观质量表示的生物动力学响应的影响。将典型汽车姿势(包括倾斜坐垫、倾斜靠背和充分利用靠背支撑)的受试者的测量反应与在不同姿势和兴奋水平下测定的数据进行比较，结果显示出相当大的差异。汽车乘员双手抱膝时的生物动力学反应在6.5-8.6赫兹频率范围内达到峰值，大大高于大多数其他涉及不同实验条件的研究中报道的基频范围(4.5-5赫兹)。手放方向盘的驾驶姿势的峰值幅度趋于显著降低，而在8-12赫兹范围内的第二个峰值对于这种姿势变得更加明显。结果表明，坐在汽车座椅上的乘员在垂直振动下的生物动力学反应至少需要通过乘客和驾驶姿势的两种不同功能来表征。一般来说，身体质量越高，两种姿势的峰值幅度反应越高，相应的频率就越低。通过将测量数据分成四个不同的质量范围：小于60 kg，在60·5到70 kg之间，在70·5到80 kg之间，以及在80 kg以上，进一步证明了反应对身体质量的强烈依赖性。结果表明，手部位置和车身质量对汽车姿态和振动下的表观质量响应影响最为显著。
Abstract The biodynamic apparent mass response characteristics of 24 human subjects (12 males and 12 females) seated under representative automotive postures with hands-in-lap (passengers) and hands-on-steering wheel (drivers) are reported. The measurements were carried out under white noise vertical excitations of 0·25, 0·5 and 1·0m/s2r.m.s. acceleration magnitudes in the 0·5–40Hz frequency range and a track measured input (1·07m/s2). The measured data have been analyzed to study the effects of hands position, body mass, magnitude and type of vibration excitation, and feet position, on the biodynamic response expressed in terms of apparent mass. A comparison of the measured response of subjects assuming typical automotive postures involving inclined cushion, inclined backrest and full use of backrest support with data determined under different postural conditions and excitation levels revealed considerable differences. The biodynamic response of automobile occupants seated with hands in lap, peaks in the 6·5–8·6Hz frequency range, which is considerably higher than the reported range of fundamental frequencies (4·5–5Hz) in most other studies involving different experimental conditions. The peak magnitude tends to decrease considerably for the driving posture with hands-on-steering wheel, while a second peak in the 8–12 Hz range becomes more apparent for this posture. The results suggest that biodynamic response of occupants seated in automotive seats and subject to vertical vibration need to be characterized, as a minimum, by two distinct functions for passenger and driving postures. A higher body mass, in general, yields higher peak magnitude response and lower corresponding frequency for both postures. The strong dependence of the response on the body mass is further demonstrated by grouping the measured data into four different mass ranges: less than 60 kg, between 60·5 and 70 kg, between 70·5 and 80 kg, and above 80 kg. From the results, it is concluded that hands position and body mass have the most significant influence on the apparent mass response under automotive posture and vibration.