A quarter-century of H-mode studies
A quarter-century of H-mode studies
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DOI：
10.1088/0741-3335/49/12b/s01
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发表时间：
2007-12-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Wagner, F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wagner, F.
H模式是环形等离子体的一种约束模式，这可能使聚变的目标成为可能-以具有竞争力的电力成本开发清洁能源。H模物理学最具挑战性的方面是边缘湍流的突然消失，而其驱动力梯度增加。由于H模式背后的物理学是微妙的，许多特征尚未澄清。然而，有大量的实验和理论证据表明，湍流，通常限制的约束，减少剪切极向流驻留在等离子体边缘。产生剪切流的机理有很多种。其中最有趣的是，波动本身引起流动，流动作用于其产生的源头并消除湍流。这篇综述主要集中在跃迁物理上，描述了一条更详细地理解H模的路线，回顾了一些较早的观测结果，并总结了托卡马克和仿星器在H模方面的成就。
The H-mode is a confinement mode of toroidal plasmas, which may make the goals of fusion possible-the development of a clean energy source at competitive electricity costs. The most challenging aspect of the H-mode physics is the sudden disappearance of the edge turbulence whereas its driving forces-the gradients-increase. As the physics behind the H-mode is subtle many features are not yet clarified. There is, however, substantial experimental and theoretical evidence that turbulent flows, which normally limit the confinement, are diminished by sheared poloidal flow residing at the plasma edge. There are many conceivable mechanisms giving rise to sheared flow. The most intriguing of these is that fluctuations themselves induce the flow, which acts back to its generating origin and annihilates the turbulence. This review concentrates mostly on the transition physics, describes one line of understanding the H-mode in more detail, recalls some of the older observations and summarizes the achievements in the H-mode for both tokamaks and stellarators.