Altered Amygdala Development and Fear Processing in Prematurely Born Infants.
Altered Amygdala Development and Fear Processing in Prematurely Born Infants.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnana.2016.00055
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Hüppi PS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cismaru AL;Gui L;Vasung L;Lejeune F;Barisnikov K;Truttmann A;Borradori Tolsa C;Hüppi PS
背景：早产儿有很高的发展和行为障碍的风险。足月儿的大脑异常与后来的行为改变有明显的联系，但现有的研究并没有关注杏仁核。此外，关于人类早产后杏仁核早期发育的研究很少。目的：比较足月相当年龄（TEA）的极早产儿和足月出生婴儿的杏仁核体积，并将早产儿的杏仁核体积与他们在12个月时的实验室气质评估组合（Lab-TAB）恐惧发作中的表现相关联。参会人员：2008年至2014年间出生于日内瓦和洛桑大学医院的81名婴儿，参加了纵向和功能成像研究，他们在TEA接受了磁共振成像（MRI）扫描，能够手动描绘杏仁核。成果：通过MRI扫描的手动分割评估杏仁核体积; 66名婴儿的皮质和皮质下灰质、白色物质和脑脊液（CSF）自动分割体积; 42名早产儿在12个月时的Lab-TAB恐惧发作评分。结果如下：TEA时早产儿的杏仁核体积小于足月儿（平均差异138.03 mm 3，p < 0.001），总体右侧杏仁核体积大于左侧杏仁核体积（平均差异36.88 mm 3，p < 0.001）。与足月出生的婴儿相比，早产儿的白色物质体积明显较小（p <0.001），CSF体积明显较大（p < 0.001），而皮质和皮质下灰质体积在组间没有显着差异。杏仁核体积与对可怕玩具的逃避反应强度显著相关（rs = 0.38，p = 0.013），与无逃避反应的婴儿相比，有逃避反应的婴儿杏仁核体积更大（平均差异120.97 mm 3，p = 0.005）。杏仁核体积没有显着相关的强度，面部恐惧，痛苦的叫声，身体恐惧和积极的运动活动的恐惧发作。结论：我们的研究结果表明，早产与减少杏仁核体积和白色物质体积在TEA，这表明改变杏仁核的发展可能与早产儿报告的白色物质连接的改变。此外，我们的数据表明，这种改变可能会影响婴儿的恐惧处理能力。
Context: Prematurely born children have a high risk of developmental and behavioral disabilities. Cerebral abnormalities at term age have been clearly linked with later behavior alterations, but existing studies did not focus on the amygdala. Moreover, studies of early amygdala development after premature birth in humans are scarce. Objective: To compare amygdala volumes in very preterm infants at term equivalent age (TEA) and term born infants, and to relate premature infants’ amygdala volumes with their performance on the Laboratory Temperament Assessment Battery (Lab-TAB) fear episode at 12 months. Participants: Eighty one infants born between 2008 and 2014 at the University Hospitals of Geneva and Lausanne, taking part in longitudinal and functional imaging studies, who had undergone a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan at TEA enabling manual amygdala delineation. Outcomes: Amygdala volumes assessed by manual segmentation of MRI scans; volumes of cortical and subcortical gray matter, white matter and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) automatically segmented in 66 infants; scores for the Lab-TAB fear episode for 42 premature infants at 12 months. Results: Amygdala volumes were smaller in preterm infants at TEA than term infants (mean difference 138.03 mm3, p < 0.001), and overall right amygdala volumes were larger than left amygdala volumes (mean difference 36.88 mm3, p < 0.001). White matter volumes were significantly smaller (p < 0.001) and CSF volumes significantly larger (p < 0.001) in preterm than in term born infants, while cortical and subcortical gray matter volumes were not significantly different between groups. Amygdala volumes showed significant correlation with the intensity of the escape response to a fearsome toy (rs = 0.38, p = 0.013), and were larger in infants showing an escape response compared to the infants showing no escape response (mean difference 120.97 mm3, p = 0.005). Amygdala volumes were not significantly correlated with the intensity of facial fear, distress vocalizations, bodily fear and positive motor activity in the fear episode. Conclusion: Our results indicate that premature birth is associated with a reduction in amygdala volumes and white matter volumes at TEA, suggesting that altered amygdala development might be linked to alterations in white matter connectivity reported in premature infants. Moreover, our data suggests that such alterations might affect infants’ fear-processing capabilities.