Study on Early Recognition of Loess Landslides Based on Field Investigation
Study on Early Recognition of Loess Landslides Based on Field Investigation
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DOI：
10.15273/ijge.2016.02.006
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Da-lei Peng;Qiang Xu;Xing Qi;Xuanmei Fan;Xiu-jun Dong;Shu Li;Yuanzhen Ju
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Da-lei Peng;Qiang Xu;Xing Qi;Xuanmei Fan;Xiu-jun Dong;Shu Li;Yuanzhen Ju
以农业灌溉为目的，1968年以来，河水每年多次从黄河引入黑方台地区，地下水位以每年0.18m的速度稳步上升，黑方台流域累计上升高达20m。这种注水蓄水效应在黑方台台地边缘引发了每年3~5次滑坡。黄土边坡的破坏造成了很高的人员伤亡，抑制了当地的经济发展。本研究旨在探讨黑方台地区黄土滑坡的分布规律及其形成条件，为下垫面滑坡的早期识别和预测奠定基础。通过对无人机摄影测量获得的高分辨率图像进行目视解译，圈定了黑房台滑坡。利用三维激光扫描技术和近景摄影测量技术，获得了10 cm高分辨率的数字高程模型。通过现场调查，研究了滑坡的分布规律和特征，以及当地的地质构造，建立了滑坡的早期识别判据。结果表明，两个老滑坡段之间的完整滑坡段最有可能发生新的滑坡，地下水位升高的地区更容易发生滑坡。例如，2015年在2014年的滑坡体缝隙处发生了一次滑坡。当地地下水位的上升要么是由于滑坡堆积和冬季结冰堵塞了地下水出水口，要么是由于暴雨造成的。及早识别黄土滑坡将保护当地社区和土地资源免受滑坡灾害的影响。
For the purpose of agriculture irrigation, river water has been introduced into Heifangtai region from the Yellow River several times a year since 1968, which ensued a steady rise in underground water level by a yearly rate of 0.18 m with a cumulative total rise of up to 20 m over Heifangtai catchment. This ponding effect of water injection triggered landslides (3~5 events per year) at the edge of Heifangtai tableland. Failures of loess slopes have caused high causalities, and inhibited the local economy. This study aims at investigating the distribution patterns of loess landslides and their formation conditions in Heifangtai region, so as to establish approaches to early recognition and prediction of underlying landslides. Landslides in Heifangtai were delineated through visual interpretation of high resolution images obtained by unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry. Digital Elevation Model with high resolution 10 cm was acquired by 3D laser scanning technology and close-range photogrammetry. With field investigation, landslide distribution patterns and characteristics, as well as the local geological structure, were examined and two early recognition criteria for landslides are established. The results indicate that an intact slope section between two old landslide sections is the most possible locations for new landslides and areas with rising groundwater level are prone to landslides. For example, in 2015 a landslide occurred at the gaps of a 2014 landslide body. The rising of local groundwater level was induced either by blockage of underground water outlets by landslide deposits and freeze in winter or by heavy rainfall. Early recognition of loess landslides would protect local communities and land resources from landslide hazards.