The effect of temperature on photoperiodically regulated gonadal maturation, regression and moult in starlings - potential consequences of climate change
The effect of temperature on photoperiodically regulated gonadal maturation, regression and moult in starlings - potential consequences of climate change
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2435.2005.01061.x
复制
发表时间：
2005-12-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Dawson, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dawson, A
1.鸟类利用春季增加的光周期作为性腺成熟和繁殖的主要线索，以便雏鸟在食物（通常是无脊椎动物）丰富的高峰期生长。气候变暖将促进无脊椎动物的丰富，因此完全依赖光周期的鸟类将太晚繁殖。温度能调节光周期反应吗？2.普通椋鸟，普通椋鸟，保持在两个室内鸟舍，其中光周期跟踪自然变化，但温度保持在20摄氏度或5摄氏度（第1年），或在18摄氏度或8摄氏度（第2年）。尽管温度差异很大（15摄氏度和10摄氏度），但这对睾丸成熟的速度或时间没有影响。然而，出乎意料的是，睾丸退化在较高的温度下发生得更早。雄性和雌性的婚后换羽也开始得明显较早。因此，鸟类在春季温度升高时提前产卵的程度可能会受到限制。与此同时，春季温度的升高将提前繁殖季节的结束（减少繁殖尝试）。报告的中位产卵日期的进展可能部分是这一结果，而不是成功适应的迹象。适应气候变化可能需要对光周期的生理反应发生进化性变化。
1. Birds use increasing photoperiod during spring as the major cue to time gonadal maturation and breeding so that nestlings are growing during peak food (normally invertebrate) abundance. Climate warming will advance invertebrate abundance, so birds relying entirely on photoperiod will breed too late. Can temperature modulate responses to photoperiod?2. Common Starlings, Sturnus vulgaris, were kept in two indoor aviaries, in which photoperiod tracked natural changes, but temperature was held at either 20 degrees C or 5 degrees C (year 1), or at 18 degrees C or 8 degrees C (year 2).3. Despite the large differences in temperature (15 degrees C and 10 degrees C), this had no effect on the rate or timing of testicular maturation.4. However, unexpectedly, testicular regression occurred significantly earlier at the higher temperatures. Post-nuptial moult also started significantly earlier in both males and females.5. Therefore, the degree to which birds can advance the timing of egg-laying in response to increasing spring temperature may be constrained. At the same time, increasing spring temperature will advance the end of the breeding season (fewer breeding attempts). The reported advances in median egg-laying dates may, in part, be a consequence of this rather than an indication of successful adaptation. Adaptation to climate change may require evolutionary changes in the physiological responses to photoperiod.