Establishing representative no-take areas in the Great Barrier Reef: Large-scale implementation of theory on marine protected areas
Establishing representative no-take areas in the Great Barrier Reef: Large-scale implementation of theory on marine protected areas
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00302.x
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发表时间：
2005-12-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Stapleton, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fernandes, L;Day, J;Stapleton, K
大堡礁海洋公园（Great Barrier Reef Marine Park）的面积几乎和日本一样大，它有一个新的禁渔区网络，大大改善了对生物多样性的保护。新的海洋公园分区以定量的方式实现了文献中讨论的许多理论设计原则。例如，新的禁猎区网络对每个“生物区域”至少有20%的保护，对所有已知栖息地和特殊或独特特征的最低保护水平，以及最小直径至少为10或20平方公里的禁猎区的最小大小。总的来说，超过33%的大堡礁海洋公园现在是禁猎区（以前为4.5%）。导致这一结果的步骤是向感兴趣的公众澄清为什么现有的保护水平是不够的；详述设立新禁渔区的保育目标；与相关的独立专家合作，确定并促进实现目标的最佳科学流程；描述生物多样性（例如绘制生物区域图）；确定实现目标所需的操作原则；邀请社区就上述所有内容提供意见；收集和整理在圆桌讨论中收集到的数据；报告各种禁猎区方案原则的实现程度；并确定如何解决负面影响。在这种情况下，一些关键的成功因素具有全球相关性，包括将最初的沟通重点放在要解决的问题上；运用预防原则；聘请独立专家；促进对决策的投入；开展广泛和参与性磋商；拥有一个现有的海洋公园，涵盖了大部分生态系统；根据联邦法律有立法权的；发展高层次的支持；确保机构优先权和所有权；并且能够解决渔民流离失所的问题。
The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, an area almost the size , of Japan, has a new network of no-take areas that significantly improves the protection of biodiversity. The new marine park zoning implements, in a quantitative manner, many of the theoretical design principles discussed in the literature. For example, the new network of no-take areas has at least 20% protection per "bioregion," minimum levels of protection for all known habitats and special or unique features, and minimum sizes for no-take areas of at least 10 or 20 kat across at the smallest diameter Overall, more than 33% of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park is now in no-take areas (previously 4.5%). The steps taken leading to this outcome were to clarify to the interested public why the existing level of protection wets inadequate; detail the conservation objectives of establishing new no-take areas; work with relevant and independent experts to define, and contribute to, the best scientific process to deliver on the objectives; describe the biodiversity (e.g., map bioregions); define operational principles needed to achieve the objectives; invite community input on all of The above; gather and layer the data gathered in round-table discussions; report the degree of achievement of principles for various options of no-take areas; and determine how to address negative impacts. Some of the key success factors in this case have global relevance and include focusing initial communication on the problem to be addressed; applying the precautionary principle; using independent experts; facilitating input to decision making; conducting extensive and participatory consultation; having an existing marine park that encompassed much of the ecosystem; having legislative power under federal law; developing high-level support; ensuring agency Priority and ownership; and being able to address the issue of displaced fishers.