Factors Affecting the Location and Shape of Face Seal Leak Sites on Half-Mask Respirators
Factors Affecting the Location and Shape of Face Seal Leak Sites on Half-Mask Respirators
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/15459621003729909
复制
发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Bartolucci, Alfred A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Oestenstad, Riedar Kent;Bartolucci, Alfred A.
虽然已经有许多关于泄漏位置和形状对通过呼吸器端面密封测量的泄漏量的影响的研究，但很少有研究确定这些泄漏的位置和大小。在之前的一项研究中，我们使用了一种方法，通过在适合测试中沉积荧光示踪剂来识别半面罩呼吸器上的呼吸器泄漏的位置和形状，并测试其与面部尺寸的关联。本研究的目的是应用该方法进行多次配合试验，以确定性别、呼吸器品牌、重复配合试验和测试练习是否影响面部密封泄漏部位的位置和形状。分类分析发现，这些因素对泄漏的位置和形状都没有显著影响。一般线性模型分析发现，研究因素对泄漏有显著影响，但面部维度的影响更大，有泄漏的受试者面部维度与无泄漏的受试者存在显著差异。这一研究与之前的研究在泄漏点分布上的显著差异可能是由于面部尺寸和种族/民族构成的差异。在两项研究中观察到的弥漫性泄漏是点泄漏的两倍，这表明在实验室呼吸器泄漏研究中使用的人体模型以及呼吸器流动和穿透模型中，缝状泄漏是最合适的。研究因素在分类分析中无显著影响，在线性分析中发现面部尺寸有显著影响，本研究与我们之前研究的泄漏部位分布差异可能受到面部尺寸差异的影响，这表明除了尺寸外，个体面部形状可能是半面罩呼吸机泄漏部位的重要决定因素。这将对呼吸器面罩的设计和个人佩戴者呼吸器的选择产生影响。
While there have been a number of studies on the effect of leak site and shape on the magnitude of measured leakage through respirator face seals, there have been very few studies to identify the location and size of these leaks. In a previous study we used a method of identifying the location and shape of respirator leaks on a half-mask respirator by the deposition of a fluorescent tracer during a fit test, and testing for their association with facial dimensions. The purpose of this study was to apply that methodology to conduct multiple fit tests to determine if gender, respirator brand, repeated fit tests, and test exercises affected the location and shape of face seal leak sites. Categorical analysis found that none of these factors had a significant effect on the location and shape of leaks. General linear model analysis found some significant effects of the study factors on leaks, but facial dimensions had a greater effect, and there were significant differences between facial dimensions of subjects with a leak and those without. Significant differences in leak site distributions between this and the previous study may have been due to differences in facial dimensions and racial/ethnic composition. Twice as many diffuse leaks as point leaks were observed in both studies, indicating that slit-like leaks would be most appropriate on mannequins used in laboratory respirator leakage studies, and in respirator flow and penetration models. That the study factors had no significant effects in the categorical analysis, significant effects for facial dimensions were found in the linear analysis, and leak site distribution differences between this and our previous study may have been affected by differences in facial dimensions, indicate that, in addition to size, the shape of an individual's face may be an important determinant of leak sites on a half-mask respirator. This would have implications for the design of respirator facepieces and in the selection of respirators for individual wearers.