Chronic Cigarette Smoking in Healthy Middle-Aged Individuals Is Associated With Decreased Regional Brain N-acetylaspartate and Glutamate Levels.
Chronic Cigarette Smoking in Healthy Middle-Aged Individuals Is Associated With Decreased Regional Brain N-acetylaspartate and Glutamate Levels.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.03.029
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发表时间：
2016-03-15
影响因子：
10.6
通讯作者：
Murray DE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Durazzo TC;Meyerhoff DJ;Mon A;Abé C;Gazdzinski S;Murray DE
吸烟与前脑区域的代谢物异常有关，但目前尚不清楚这些异常是否在其他区域也很明显。此外，吸烟者和非吸烟者的局部脑代谢物水平与决策、冒险和冲动性指标之间的关系尚未得到研究。青年/中年比较了非吸烟者（主要为男性）（n=30）和吸烟者（n=35）的N-乙酰天冬氨酸（NAA）、含胆碱化合物（Cho）、含肌酐化合物（Cr）、肌醇（mI）、通过4特斯拉（T）质子磁共振（MR）检测前扣带皮层（ACC）和右背外侧前额叶皮层（DLPFC）中的谷氨酸（Glu）水平单体积光谱学采用1.5T质子磁共振波谱成像技术，比较各组大鼠4个脑叶灰质（GM）和白色质（WM）及皮质下核团/区域的NAA、Cho、Cr和mI浓度。区域代谢物水平与神经认知，决策，冒险和自我报告的冲动措施的关联进行了检查。吸烟者表现出较低的DLPFC NAA，Cr，mI和Glu浓度，和较低的豆状核NAA水平;吸烟者还表现出更大的年龄相关性下降DLPFC NAA，ACC和DLPFC Glu水平。吸烟者表现出更差的决策能力和更强的冲动性。在整个样本中，DLPFC中较高的NAA和Glu以及多个脑叶GM和WM区域和皮质下核中的NAA浓度与较好的神经认知和较低的冲动性相关。这项研究提供了额外的新证据，表明青年/中年人的慢性吸烟与前额叶区域的显著年龄相关神经生物学异常相关，这些异常与成瘾性疾病的发展和维持有关。
Cigarette smoking is associated with metabolite abnormalities in anterior brain regions, but it is unclear if these abnormalities are apparent in other regions. Additionally, relationships between regional brain metabolite levels and measures of decision-making, risk-taking, and impulsivity in smokers and non-smokers have not been investigated. Young/middle-aged (predominately male) non-smokers (n=30) and smokers (n=35), were compared on N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline-containing compounds (Cho), creatine-containing compounds (Cr), myo-Inositol (mI), and glutamate (Glu) levels in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) via 4 Tesla (T) proton magnetic resonance (MR) single volume spectroscopy. Groups were also compared on NAA, Cho, Cr, and mI concentrations in the gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) of the four cerebral lobes and subcortical nuclei/regions with 1.5T proton MR spectroscopic imaging. Associations of regional metabolite levels with neurocognitive, decision-making, risk-taking, and self-reported impulsivity measures were examined. Smokers showed lower DLPFC NAA, Cr, mI and Glu concentrations, and lower lenticular nuclei NAA level; smokers also demonstrated greater age-related decreases of DLPFC NAA, and ACC and DLPFC Glu levels. Smokers exhibited poorer decision-making and greater impulsivity. Across the sample, higher NAA and Glu in the DLPFC and NAA concentrations in multiple lobar GM and WM regions and subcortical nuclei were associated with better neurocognition and lower impulsivity. This study contributes additional novel evidence that chronic smoking in young/middle-aged individuals is associated with significant age-related neurobiological abnormalities in anterior frontal regions implicated in the development and maintenance of addictive disorders.