Isolation of a Pyrazine Alarm Pheromone Component from the Fire Ant, Solenopsis invicta
Isolation of a Pyrazine Alarm Pheromone Component from the Fire Ant, Solenopsis invicta
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从火蚁 Solenopsis invicta 中分离出一种吡嗪报警信息素成分
DOI：
10.1007/s10886-010-9743-0
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发表时间：
2010-02-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Choi, Man-Yeon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meer, Robert K. Vander;Preston, Catherine A.;Choi, Man-Yeon
报警信息素在社会性昆虫中是一个复杂的信息素相互作用的重要组成部分，有助于维持群体的完整性和社会性。蚂蚁的警报信息素是第一批被发现的动物信息素，主要是因为产生的大量化学物质和蚂蚁对信息素的独特反应。然而，红火蚁的报警信息素，红火蚁，逃避识别超过四十年。2-乙基-3，6-二甲基吡嗪是该虫的报警信息素成分。invicta工蚁检测到吡嗪报警信息素在30 pg/ml，这是报警信息素的敏感性报告的其他蚂蚁物种。这种警报信息素的来源是火蚁的下颌腺，其发育不好，仅含有约300 pg的化合物，远低于几种其他蚂蚁物种报告的警报信息素的微克量。雌性和雄性的性和工人生产吡嗪，这表明它可能参与火蚁交配飞行的启动，以及典型的工人报警反应。这是首次报道的2-乙基-3，6-二甲基吡嗪从Solenopsis物种和第一个例子，这种生物碱作为报警信息素的功能。
Alarm pheromones in social insects are an essential part of a complex of pheromone interactions that contribute to the maintenance of colony integrity and sociality. The alarm pheromones of ants were among the first examples of animal pheromones identified, primarily because of the large amount of chemical produced and the distinctive responses of ants to the pheromone. However, the alarm pheromone of the fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, eluded identification for over four decades. We identified 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine as an alarm pheromone component of S. invicta. Worker fire ants detect the pyrazine alarm pheromone at 30 pg/ml, which is comparable to alarm pheromone sensitivities reported for other ant species. The source of this alarm pheromone are the mandibular glands, which, in fire ants, are not well developed and contain only about 300 pg of the compound, much less than the microgram quantities of alarm pheromones reported for several other ant species. Female and male sexuals and workers produce the pyrazine, which suggests that it may be involved in fire ant mating flight initiation, as well as the typical worker alarm response. This is the first report of 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine from a Solenopsis species and the first example of this alkaloid functioning as an alarm pheromone.