A New Approach for Accurate Detection of Chromosome Rearrangements That Affect Fertility in Cattle
A New Approach for Accurate Detection of Chromosome Rearrangements That Affect Fertility in Cattle
复制标题
一种准确检测影响牛生育力的染色体重排的新方法
DOI：
10.3390/ani10010114
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
O'Connor, Rebecca E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jennings, Rebecca L.;Griffin, Darren K.;O'Connor, Rebecca E.
自20世纪60年代以来，全球范围内的牛产量增加了一倍多，人工授精（AI）的广泛使用以及对高遗传价值动物的小规模关注。因此，选择具有最佳生育力的人工智能公牛至关重要，因为生育力受损会减少遗传增益并降低产量，导致严重的经济和环境损失。染色体易位，其中大部分基因组以异常模式不适当地连接，是生育力降低的常见原因;然而，由于分析牛染色体的固有困难，相互易位被显著低估。基于我们以前的工作，我们已经开发出一种明确检测影响生育能力的异常的方法。我们将这种方法应用于39头公牛的染色体，检测影响生育力的多种异常，包括那些使用传统筛选技术无法检测到的异常。由于英国奶牛产犊率仅为50- 60%，因此减少进一步的生育力损失以最大限度地提高生产力至关重要。这里开发的方法可以识别DNA测序无法识别的异常情况，并有可能带来长期收益，以更具成本效益和对环境负责的方式为不断增长的人口提供肉类和牛奶产品。摘要自20世纪60年代以来，全球牛产量增加了一倍多，随着人工授精（AI）的广泛使用和对高遗传价值动物的小池的重视。因此，选择具有最佳生育力的人工智能公牛至关重要，因为生育力受损会降低遗传增益和产量，导致严重的经济和环境损失。染色体易位，特别是1;29罗伯逊易位，是生育力降低的常见原因;然而，由于牛染色体分析中固有的困难，相互易位被显著低估。基于我们的猪的工作，我们已经开发出一种明确的罗伯逊和相互易位检测的方法，使用多重杂交探针检测策略。我们应用这种方法对39头公牛的染色体，检测杂合和纯合1;29易位和12;23相互易位，共7只动物。以前，核型分析是诊断牛染色体重排的唯一方法，并且耗时且容易出错。由于产犊率仅为50- 60%，因此减少进一步的生育力损失以最大限度地提高生产力至关重要。这里开发的方法可以识别DNA测序无法识别的异常，并有可能带来长期收益，以更具成本效益和对环境负责的方式为不断增长的人口提供肉类和奶制品。
Simple Summary Globally, cattle production has more than doubled since the 1960s, with widespread use of artificial insemination (AI) and an emphasis on a small pool of high-genetic-merit animals. Selecting AI bulls with optimal fertility is therefore vital, as impaired fertility reduces genetic gains and reduces production, resulting in heavy financial and environmental losses. Chromosome translocations, where large parts of the genome are inappropriately attached in abnormal patterns, are a common cause of reduced fertility; however, reciprocal translocations are significantly underreported due to the difficulties inherent in analysing cattle chromosomes. Based on our previous work, we have developed an approach for the unambiguous detection of abnormalities that affect fertility. We applied this method on the chromosomes of 39 bulls, detecting multiple abnormalities that affect fertility, including those that would be undetectable using traditional screening techniques. With UK dairy calving rates of only 50-60%, it is vital to reduce further fertility loss in order to maximise productivity. The approach developed here identifies abnormalities that DNA sequencing will not, and has the potential to lead to long-term gains, delivering meat and milk products in a more cost-effective and environmentally-responsible manner to a growing population.Abstract Globally, cattle production has more than doubled since the 1960s, with widespread use of artificial insemination (AI) and an emphasis on a small pool of high genetic merit animals. Selecting AI bulls with optimal fertility is, therefore, vital, as impaired fertility reduces genetic gains and production, resulting in heavy financial and environmental losses. Chromosome translocations, particularly the 1;29 Robertsonian translocation, are a common cause of reduced fertility; however, reciprocal translocations are significantly underreported due to the difficulties inherent in analysing cattle chromosomes. Based on our porcine work, we have developed an approach for the unambiguous detection of Robertsonian and reciprocal translocations, using a multiple-hybridization probe detection strategy. We applied this method on the chromosomes of 39 bulls, detecting heterozygous and homozygous 1;29 translocations and a 12;23 reciprocal translocation in a total of seven animals. Previously, karyotype analysis was the only method of diagnosing chromosomal rearrangements in cattle, and was time-consuming and error-prone. With calving rates of only 50-60%, it is vital to reduce further fertility loss in order to maximise productivity. The approach developed here identifies abnormalities that DNA sequencing will not, and has the potential to lead to long-term gains, delivering meat and milk products in a more cost-effective and environmentally-responsible manner to a growing population.