Dynamical diffraction of atomic matter waves by crystals of light
Dynamical diffraction of atomic matter waves by crystals of light
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光晶体对原子物质波的动态衍射
DOI：
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Zeilinger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Oberthaler;R. Abfalterer;S. Bernet;C. Keller;J. Schmiedmayer;A. Zeilinger
驻波形成的光晶体中的原子是研究物质波在周期势中传播的模型系统。所遇到的现象可以用动力学绕射理论来描述，该理论已经被广泛地研究了x射线、电子和中子对固体晶体的散射。在这篇文章中，我们证明了原子德布罗意波穿过驻波可以研究以前在实验上无法获得的动力学绕射理论的预测。我们给出了纯吸收晶体和纯折射晶体的标准衍射效率表征。此外，我们还能够直接测量折射晶体和吸收晶体内部形成的总原子波场，并确定原子波场相对于晶格面的预测绝对位置。通过叠加两个不同频率的驻波，我们定制了一种新的晶位，其中最大限度地违反了通常的衍射对称性的弗里德尔定律。@S1050-2947~99 02207-6#PACS号~S！：03.75.Be，03.75.Dg，42.25.2页
Atoms in light crystals formed by a standing light wave are a model system to study the propagation of matter waves in periodic potentials. The encountered phenomena can be described by dynamical diffraction theory which has been extensively studied for x-ray, electron, and neutron scattering from solid state crystals. In this paper we show that an atomic de Broglie wave traversing a standing light wave allows investigation of predictions of dynamical diffraction theory which were previously experimentally not accessible. We present standard diffraction efficiency characterizations for pure absorptive and pure refractive crystals. Additionally we were able to measure directly the total atomic wave field formed inside a refractive and an absorptive crystal and to confirm the predictedabsolute position of the atomic wave field with respect to the lattice planes. By superposing two standing light waves of different frequency we tailored a new kind of crystal potential where Friedel’s law about usual diffraction symmetries is maximally violated. @S1050-2947~99!02207-6# PACS number~s!: 03.75.Be, 03.75.Dg, 42.25.2p