Yardangs on Mars: Evidence of recent wind erosion
Yardangs on Mars: Evidence of recent wind erosion
复制标题
DOI：
10.1029/jb084ib14p08147
复制
发表时间：
1979-12
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. W. Ward
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. W. Ward
Yardangs是流线型的侵蚀风形式，类似于倒置的船体，在陆地沙漠中长度从米到公里不等。在火星上，最好的例子是在赤道地区。在亚马逊地区，数百个山脊和锯齿状边缘的台地在层状岩石中被风雕刻出来。个别山脊长达数十公里，其间的山谷近1公里宽。被风剥离的表面似乎相对年轻，因此很容易被侵蚀。可能的岩性包括熔结凝灰岩、泥流或岩化风化层。其他风雕特征出现在伊奥利亚地区，战神山谷和Iapygia地区。白色岩石是陨石坑内的浅色高原，被解释为在主陨石坑内的存款中侵蚀的雅丹集群。白色岩可能是一种节理状风蚀火山碎屑存款。火星上的雅丹，特别是当它们被雕刻在年轻的地质单元中时，表明大部分观察到的风蚀是最近的。雅丹的方位角通常与风条纹的方向不平行，这表明雅丹是由不同的（旧的或弱的）风形成的。
Yardangs are streamlined erosional wind forms, similar in form to inverted boat hulls, that in terrestrial deserts range from meters to kilometers in length. On Mars the best examples are seen in the equatorial region. In the Amazonis region, hundreds of ridges and sawtooth-edged mesas have been wind sculptured in layered rocks. Individual ridges are tens of kilometers long with intervening valleys nearly 1 km wide. The wind-stripped surface seems to be relatively young and therefore must be easily erodible. Possible lithologies include ignimbrites, mudflows, or lithified regolith. Other wind-sculpted features occur in the Aeolis region, in Ares Valles, and in the Iapygia region. White Rock, a light-colored plateau inside a crater, is interpreted to be a yardang cluster eroded in a deposit inside the host crater. White Rock may be a jointed, wind-eroded pyroclastic deposit. Yardangs on Mars, especially when they are sculpted in young geologic units, demonstrate that much of the observed eolian erosion is recent. Yardang azimuths often are not parallel with wind streak directions, indicating that the yardangs were formed by different (older or weaker) winds from those that formed the streaks.