Cortical folding scales universally with surface area and thickness, not number of neurons
Cortical folding scales universally with surface area and thickness, not number of neurons
复制标题
DOI：
10.1126/science.aaa9101
复制
发表时间：
2015-07-03
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Herculano-Houzel, Suzana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mota, Bruno;Herculano-Houzel, Suzana
较大的大脑往往有更多的折叠皮层，但皮层折叠的原因仍然未知。我们表明，在无脑和环脑物种、个体之间以及个体皮质内，皮质折叠程度是均匀的，是皮质表面积与皮质厚度平方根乘积的函数。这种关系是根据一个简单的物理模型，基于已知的轴突伸长机制，从与皮质形状相关的有效自由能的最小化得出的。该模型还解释了弄皱的纸团的折叠指数的缩放比例。我们讨论了这一发现对折叠的进化和发育起源的影响，包括新发现的无脑畸形和环脑畸形之间的连续体，以及对人类无脑畸形等病理学的影响。
Larger brains tend to have more folded cortices, but what makes the cortex fold has remained unknown. We show that the degree of cortical folding scales uniformly across lissencephalic and gyrencephalic species, across individuals, and within individual cortices as a function of the product of cortical surface area and the square root of cortical thickness. This relation is derived from the minimization of the effective free energy associated with cortical shape according to a simple physical model, based on known mechanisms of axonal elongation. This model also explains the scaling of the folding index of crumpled paper balls. We discuss the implications of this finding for the evolutionary and developmental origin of folding, including the newfound continuum between lissencephaly and gyrencephaly, and for pathologies such as human lissencephaly.