DNA Methylation in Regulatory T Cell Differentiation and Function: Challenges and Opportunities.

DNA Methylation in Regulatory T Cell Differentiation and Function: Challenges and Opportunities.
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调节性 T 细胞分化和功能中的 DNA 甲基化:挑战和机遇。

DOI:
10.3390/biom12091282
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发表时间:
2022-09-12
期刊:
影响因子:
5.5
通讯作者:
Feng, Yongqiang
Feng, Yongqiang
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bai, Lu;Hao, Xiaolei;Keith, Julia;Feng, Yongqiang

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作为一种真正的表观遗传标记,DNA 甲基化与调节性 T (Treg) 细胞的分化和功能有关,调节性 T (Treg) 细胞是 CD4 T 细胞的一个子集,在维持免疫稳态、抑制自身免疫和抗肿瘤免疫反应中发挥着重要作用。 DNA 甲基化经历动态调节,包括维持先前存在的模式、被动和主动去甲基化以及从头甲基化。分散的证据表明,这些过程控制着 Treg 细胞寿命的不同阶段,从谱系诱导到细胞命运维持、效应 T 细胞和先天免疫细胞的抑制以及转分化。尽管取得了重大进展,但差异 DNA 甲基化如何调节 Treg 细胞命运和免疫功能仍有待充分探索。在这里,我们回顾了最新进展,并讨论了进一步了解动态 DNA 甲基化在控制 Treg 细胞分化和功能中的免疫学作用和机制的问题和挑战。我们还探索了这些过程提供的机会,通过靶向 DNA 甲基化来操纵 Treg 细胞抑制功能以达到治疗目的。
As a bona fide epigenetic marker, DNA methylation has been linked to the differentiation and function of regulatory T (Treg) cells, a subset of CD4 T cells that play an essential role in maintaining immune homeostasis and suppressing autoimmunity and antitumor immune response. DNA methylation undergoes dynamic regulation involving maintenance of preexisting patterns, passive and active demethylation, and de novo methylation. Scattered evidence suggests that these processes control different stages of Treg cell lifespan ranging from lineage induction to cell fate maintenance, suppression of effector T cells and innate immune cells, and transdifferentiation. Despite significant progress, it remains to be fully explored how differential DNA methylation regulates Treg cell fate and immunological function. Here, we review recent progress and discuss the questions and challenges for further understanding the immunological roles and mechanisms of dynamic DNA methylation in controlling Treg cell differentiation and function. We also explore the opportunities that these processes offer to manipulate Treg cell suppressive function for therapeutic purposes by targeting DNA methylation.
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