FUNCTIONAL-PROPERTIES OF MONKEY CAUDATE NEURONS .2. VISUAL AND AUDITORY RESPONSES
FUNCTIONAL-PROPERTIES OF MONKEY CAUDATE NEURONS .2. VISUAL AND AUDITORY RESPONSES
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.1989.61.4.799
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发表时间：
1989-04-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
USUI, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HIKOSAKA, O;SAKAMOTO, M;USUI, S
1. 在经过训练以注视小光点的猴子中研究了尾状神经元的视觉反应。使用不同的行为范式在不同的行为环境中呈现视觉刺激（另一个光点）。视觉感受野通常很大并且以对侧半视野为中心。在 217 个具有视觉反应的神经元中，184 个被进一步分类为亚型。 2. 64 个神经元的视觉反应没有通过改变范式来调节（无条件视觉反应）。在其他神经元中，视觉反应取决于刺激出现的行为环境。发现了三种类型的行为调节。 3. 如果猴子对其出现的刺激进行扫视，则扫视增强的视觉反应（n = 37）会增强。这种增强是空间选择性的：如果眼跳远离刺激，则反应会减弱。 4. 当猴子记住刺激的位置并且几秒钟后向记住的位置扫视时，优先出现与记忆相关的视觉反应（n = 36）。当试验之间的刺激位置是随机的时，反应会更大。 5.当刺激出现而猴子没有固定另一个点时，预期相关的视觉反应（n = 46）优先出现，并且刺激与奖励直接相关。与其他类型不同，其感受野包括对侧和同侧半视野，没有特别的偏好。 6. 少数神经元（n = 16）表现出容易习惯的视觉反应。 7. 视觉反应的潜伏期通常在 100 至 200 毫秒之间。记忆相关、期望相关和习惯性视觉反应的潜伏期往往比其他反应更长，并且在试验之间往往变化更大。 8. 在听觉反应神经元中，只有一小部分与任务相关。对对侧声音的反应更大。如果猴子使用声音作为未来目标位置的提示，效果会得到增强。 9. 结果表明，尾状神经元的感觉反应可用于通过确认预测的环境状态、更新记忆或建立运动组来指导后续的学习行为序列。
1. Visual responses of caudate neurons were studied in monkeys trained to fixate on a small spot of light. A visual stimulus (another spot of light) was presented in various contexts of behavior using different behavioral paradigms. Visual receptive fields were usually large and centered on the contralateral hemifield. Among 217 neurons with visual responses, 184 were further classified into subtypes. 2. Visual responses in 64 neurons were not modulated by changing the paradigms (unconditional visual responses). In the other neurons, visual responses were dependent on the behavioral contexts in which the stimulus was presented. Three types of behavioral modulation were found. 3. A saccade-enhanced visual response (n = 37) was the one that was enhanced if the monkey made a saccade to the stimulus on its appearance. The enhancement was spatially selective: the response was depressed if the saccade was directed away from the stimulus. 4. Memory-contingent visual responses (n = 36) were present preferentially when the monkey remembered the location of the stimulus and a few seconds later made a saccade to the remembered location. Responses were greater when the location of the stimulus was randomized between trials. 5. Expectation-contingent visual responses (n = 46) were present preferentially when the stimulus came on while the monkey was not fixating another spot, and the stimulus was related directly to a reward. Unlike the other types, its receptive field included both contralateral and ipsilateral hemifields without a particular preference. 6. A small number of neurons (n = 16) showed a visual response that easily habituated. 7. Latencies of visual responses were usually between 100 and 200 ms. The latencies of the memory-contingent, expectation-contingent, and habituated visual responses tended to be longer than the others and tended to be more variable between trials. 8. Among auditory responsive neurons only a small proportion were related to the tasks. The response was greater to a contralateral sound. It was enhanced if the monkey used the sound as the cue for the future target location. 9. The results suggest that sensory responses of caudate neurons could be used to guide a subsequent sequence of learned behaviors by confirming predicted environmental states, renewing memory, or establishing a motor set.