Optimization model of peach production relevant to input energies – Yield function in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province, Iran
Optimization model of peach production relevant to input energies – Yield function in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province, Iran
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DOI：
10.1016/j.energy.2015.07.078
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发表时间：
2016-03
期刊：
影响因子：
9
通讯作者：
S. Ghatrehsamani;R. Ebrahimi;S. Kazi;Ahmad Badry;E. Sadeghinezhad
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Ghatrehsamani;R. Ebrahimi;S. Kazi;Ahmad Badry;E. Sadeghinezhad
本研究的目的是确定伊朗Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari省桃子生产中使用的投入产出能源的数量，并建立一个最优的生产模型。通过面对面访谈的问卷调查方式，对100位生产者进行了数据收集。采用随机抽样的方法选择养殖场。结果表明：生产总能耗为47,951.52 MJ/ha，其中化肥能耗占比最高（35.37%）；直接能源消耗占47.4%，间接能源消耗占52.6%。总能耗分为两组；可再生和不可再生（分别为19.2%和80.8%）。能量利用效率、能量生产力、比能和净能分别为0.433、0.228 （kg/ kg）、4.38 （MJ/kg）和- 27,161.722 （MJ/ha）。根据净能量的负号，如果采用特殊的策略，可以减少能量的衰减，从而可以忽略某些参数的负面影响。在本例中，数量表示生产能量的百分比。此外，能源效率还不够高。部分投入能量用于机械、化肥、灌溉和电力，对增产有显著影响，并确定边际物理生产力（MPP）为变量。该参数对能量组为正，即；机械、柴油、化肥、水利灌溉和电力，而对化学农药和人力等其他能源则是负的。最后，有必要推行一项新政策，迫使生产者采取节能做法，建立可持续的生产系统，而不破坏自然资源。此外，还需要开展推广活动，以提高能源消费的效率和维持自然资源。
The aim of this study was to determine the amount of input–output energy used in peach production and to develop an optimal model of production in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province, Iran. Data were collected from 100 producers by administering a questionnaire in face-to-face interviews. Farms were selected based on random sampling method.Results revealed that the total energy of production is 47,951.52 MJ/ha and the highest share of energy consumption belongs to chemical fertilizers (35.37%). Consumption of direct energy was 47.4% while indirect energy was 52.6%. Also, Total energy consumption was divided into two groups; renewable and non-renewable (19.2% and 80.8% respectively). Energy use efficiency, Energy productivity, Specific energy and Net energy were calculated as 0.433, 0.228 (kg/MJ), 4.38 (MJ/kg) and −27,161.722 (MJ/ha), respectively. According to the negative sign for Net energy, if special strategy is used, energy dismiss will decrease and negative effect of some parameters could be omitted. In the present case the amount is indicating decimate of production energy. In addition, energy efficiency was not high enough.Some of the input energies were applied to machinery, chemical fertilizer, water irrigation and electricity which had significant effect on increasing production and MPP (marginal physical productivity) was determined for variables. This parameter was positive for energy groups namely; machinery, diesel fuel, chemical fertilizer, water irrigation and electricity while it was negative for other kind of energy such as chemical pesticides and human labor. Finally, there is a need to pursue a new policy to force producers to undertake energy-efficient practices to establish sustainable production systems without disrupting the natural resources. In addition, extension activities are needed to improve the efficiency of energy consumption and to sustain the natural resources.