X‐ray fluorescence analysis of samples simulating blood collected from uranium‐contaminated wounds
X‐ray fluorescence analysis of samples simulating blood collected from uranium‐contaminated wounds
复制标题
对从铀污染伤口采集的模拟血液样本进行 X 射线荧光分析
DOI：
10.1002/xrs.3022
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hiroshi Yoshii
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yukie Izumoto;Tsugufumi Matsuyama;Kota Ishii;Yasuhiro Sakai;Yoshiyuki Oguri;Hiroshi Yoshii
在核燃料处理设施工作的人员有一定的受伤风险，任何伤口都会受到铀污染。由于铀的危险性，从伤口等处意外吸收铀可能导致严重的内照射。虽然适当的手术切除污染伤口中的组织有助于抑制额外的铀摄入，但需要对伤口中的铀进行快速定量，以避免不必要的手术。对于表面污染，通常使用α粒子计数法进行铀的检测。然而，在伤口污染的情况下，铀释放的大部分α粒子无法通过伤口渗出的血液。因此，X射线荧光（XRF）分析被提议作为检测铀污染的替代方法，因为X射线可以穿过几毫米的血液或软组织。在本研究中，我们开发了一种新的方法，用于快速检测伤口中的铀，该方法基于对滤纸上收集的受污染血液的XRF分析。使用XRF，血液中铀的检测限为0.45 ppm。该值比市售α测量仪低约103倍。因此，所提出的方法可用于伤口中铀的快速现场检测。
Personnel working in nuclear fuel handling facilities incur a finite risk of injury and uranium contamination in any resulting wounds. The accidental absorption of uranium from the likes of wounds can lead to a significant degree of internal exposure due to its hazardous nature. Although an appropriate surgical resection of tissue in the contaminated wound is useful for suppressing the additional intake of uranium, the rapid quantification of uranium in the wound is required to avoid unnecessary surgery. For surface contamination, the detection of uranium is usually performed using an α‐particle counting method. However, in the case of wound contamination, most of the α‐particles emitted from the uranium cannot pass through the blood oozing from the wound. Therefore, X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis has been proposed as an alternative means of detecting uranium contamination because X‐rays can pass through several millimeters of blood or soft tissue. In the present study, we developed a new methodology for the rapid detection of uranium in wounds that is based on an XRF analysis of contaminated blood collected on filter paper. With XRF, the detection limit for uranium in blood is 0.45 ppm. This value is lower than those of commercially available α‐survey meters by a factor of ~103. Thus, the proposed method could be adopted for the rapid, on‐site detection of uranium in wounds.