Extra-neural metastases of malignant gliomas: myth or reality?
Extra-neural metastases of malignant gliomas: myth or reality?
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DOI：
10.3390/cancers3010461
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发表时间：
2011-01-27
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Beauchesne P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beauchesne P
恶性胶质瘤约占所有成人原发脑肿瘤的60%。近年来，这些患者的预后没有明显变化--尽管手术、放射治疗和细胞毒性化疗被取消了--中位生存期为9-12个月。实际上，没有一个病人的病是治愈的。恶性胶质瘤通常是局部侵袭性肿瘤，尽管有时会在病程晚期发生神经外转移(中位数为两年)。它们通常出现在开颅手术后，尽管也有自发性转移的报道。这些原发于脑内的恶性胶质瘤的转移率很低，据估计不到所有病例的2%。胶质瘤的神经外转移通常发生在病程晚期(中位数为两年)，通常出现在开颅手术后，但也有自发性转移的报道。恶性胶质瘤转移通常累及区域淋巴结、肺和胸膜腔，偶尔也可累及骨骼和肝脏。本文回顾了我科三例恶性胶质瘤的神经外转移病例，总结了文献中报道的主要病例，并试图了解这些全身转移的机制。
Malignant gliomas account for approximately 60% of all primary brain tumors in adults. Prognosis for these patients has not significantly changed in recent years— despite debulking surgery, radiotherapy and cytotoxic chemotherapy—with a median survival of 9–12 months. Virtually no patients are cured of their illness. Malignant gliomas are usually locally invasive tumors, though extra-neural metastases can sometimes occur late in the course of the disease (median of two years). They generally appear after craniotomy although spontaneous metastases have also been reported. The incidence of these metastases from primary intra-cranial malignant gliomas is low; it is estimated at less than 2% of all cases. Extra-neural metastases from gliomas frequently occur late in the course of the disease (median of two years), and generally appear after craniotomy, but spontaneous metastases have also been reported. Malignant glioma metastases usually involve the regional lymph nodes, lungs and pleural cavity, and occasionally the bone and liver. In this review, we present three cases of extra-neural metastasis of malignant gliomas from our department, summarize the main reported cases in literature, and try to understand the mechanisms underlying these systemic metastases.