Cryptosporidiosis: an emerging, highly infectious threat.
Cryptosporidiosis: an emerging, highly infectious threat.
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DOI：
10.3201/eid0301.970106
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发表时间：
1997-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Guerrant RL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guerrant RL
微小隐孢子虫是发展中国家持续性腹泻的主要原因，是美国供水的主要威胁。隐孢子虫能够感染30个微小的卵囊，在未经处理的地表水中，以及游泳池、涉水池、日托中心和医院中都发现了隐孢子虫。这种微生物可导致以前健康的人的疾病持续1至2周以上，或对免疫功能低下的患者造成无限期的疾病；此外，在发展中国家的幼儿中，隐孢子虫病容易导致腹泻疾病的大幅增加。最近人们对隐孢子虫病威胁的认识增加，应该会改善对腹泻患者的检测。新的方法，如使用聚合酶链式反应的方法，可能有助于检测供水或无症状携带者中的隐孢子虫。尽管治疗非常有限，但可能减少分泌物或加强受损肠粘膜修复的新方法正在研究中。
Cryptosporidium parvum, a leading cause of persistent diarrhea in developing countries, is a major threat to the U.S. water supply. Able to infect with as few as 30 microscopic oocysts, Cryptosporidium is found in untreated surface water, as well as in swimming and wade pools, day-care centers, and hospitals. The organism can cause illnesses lasting longer than 1 to 2 weeks in previously healthy persons or indefinitely in immunocompromised patients; furthermore, in young children in developing countries, cryptosporidiosis predisposes to substantially increased diarrheal illnesses. Recent increased awareness of the threat of cryptosporidiosis should improve detection in patients with diarrhea. New methods such as those using polymerase chain reaction may help with detection of Cryptosporidium in water supplies or in asymptomatic carriers. Although treatment is very limited, new approaches that may reduce secretion or enhance repair of the damaged intestinal mucosa are under study.