Widespread detection of highly pathogenic H5 influenza viruses in wild birds from the Pacific Flyway of the United States.
Widespread detection of highly pathogenic H5 influenza viruses in wild birds from the Pacific Flyway of the United States.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep28980
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发表时间：
2016-07-06
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Deliberto TJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bevins SN;Dusek RJ;White CL;Gidlewski T;Bodenstein B;Mansfield KG;DeBruyn P;Kraege D;Rowan E;Gillin C;Thomas B;Chandler S;Baroch J;Schmit B;Grady MJ;Miller RS;Drew ML;Stopak S;Zscheile B;Bennett J;Sengl J;Brady C;Ip HS;Spackman E;Killian ML;Torchetti MK;Sleeman JM;Deliberto TJ
2014年底在北美地区发现了一种新型高致病性禽流感病毒，属于H5进化支2.3.4.4变异病毒。由于在加拿大家禽中发现了这些病毒，因此在美国太平洋飞行路线的野生鸟类中开展了一项高致病性禽流感监测的深入研究。共采集了4,729只狩猎野生鸟类样本，其中1.3% （n = 63）检出高致病性禽流感病毒。从野生鸟类中分离到H5进化枝2.3.4.4亚型H5N2、H5N8和H5N1，代表了全欧亚谱系H5N8和两种新型重组病毒。在华盛顿进行鸟类发病率和死亡率调查期间，对另外150只野生鸟类进行了检测，获得10株（6.7%）高致病性禽流感分离物（H5N8 = 3和H5N2 = 7）。在明显健康的野生水禽中广泛检测到这些病毒，这表明H5进化枝2.3.4.4变异病毒在这一分类群中可能具有相似的行为，即许多水禽物种易受感染，但不表现出明显的临床疾病。尽管在野生水禽中有这些发现，但一些野生鸟类的死亡率已被记录在案，2015年上半年美国家禽的死亡率下降是前所未有的。
A novel highly pathogenic avian influenza virus belonging to the H5 clade 2.3.4.4 variant viruses was detected in North America in late 2014. Motivated by the identification of these viruses in domestic poultry in Canada, an intensive study was initiated to conduct highly pathogenic avian influenza surveillance in wild birds in the Pacific Flyway of the United States. A total of 4,729 hunter-harvested wild birds were sampled and highly pathogenic avian influenza virus was detected in 1.3% (n = 63). Three H5 clade 2.3.4.4 subtypes were isolated from wild birds, H5N2, H5N8, and H5N1, representing the wholly Eurasian lineage H5N8 and two novel reassortant viruses. Testing of 150 additional wild birds during avian morbidity and mortality investigations in Washington yielded 10 (6.7%) additional highly pathogenic avian influenza isolates (H5N8 = 3 and H5N2 = 7). The geographically widespread detection of these viruses in apparently healthy wild waterfowl suggest that the H5 clade 2.3.4.4 variant viruses may behave similarly in this taxonomic group whereby many waterfowl species are susceptible to infection but do not demonstrate obvious clinical disease. Despite these findings in wild waterfowl, mortality has been documented for some wild bird species and losses in US domestic poultry during the first half of 2015 were unprecedented.