Disorganized attachment in infancy predicts greater amygdala volume in adulthood
Disorganized attachment in infancy predicts greater amygdala volume in adulthood
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbr.2016.03.050
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发表时间：
2016-07-15
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Teicher, M. H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lyons-Ruth, K.;Pechtel, P.;Teicher, M. H.
啮齿动物的早期生活压力与成年后杏仁核体积增加有关。人类的杏仁核在出生后的头两年发育迅速。因此，在此期间的干扰护理可能对杏仁核的发育特别重要。在一项针对贫困、高压力家庭的30年纵向研究的背景下，我们评估了婴儿期依恋关系的紊乱是否与成年期杏仁核体积有关。对18名低收入年轻人（8岁/10岁，29.33 +/- 0.49岁）的杏仁核体积进行了评估，这些年轻人在婴儿期（8.5 +/- 5.6个月）首次观察到杏仁核体积，并纵向随访至29岁。在婴儿期（18.58 +/- 1.02 mos），用标准的陌生情境程序（SSP）评估无组织的婴儿依恋行为和中断的母亲沟通。成年期左杏仁核体积的增加与18月龄时无组织依恋互动的母婴成分相关（总体r=0.679, p < 0.004）。后来的应激源，包括童年虐待和青春期依恋障碍，与左杏仁核体积无显著相关。成年后，左杏仁核体积与分离和边缘激惹进一步相关。最后，左杏仁核体积介导了婴儿期依恋障碍到成年期边缘烦躁的预测。结果指出，早期护理质量对人类儿童和啮齿动物的杏仁核发育可能很重要。这里发现的长期预测表明，生命的头两年可能是杏仁核发育的早期敏感期，在此期间，临床干预可能对以后的儿童结局产生特别重要的影响。(C) 2016 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
Early life stress in rodents is associated with increased amygdala volume in adulthood. In humans, the amygdala develops rapidly during the first two years of life. Thus, disturbed care during this period may be particularly important to amygdala development. In the context of a 30-year longitudinal study of impoverished, highly stressed families, we assessed whether disorganization of the attachment relationship in infancy was related to amygdala volume in adulthood. Amygdala volumes were assessed among 18 low-income young adults (8M/10F, 29.33 +/- 0.49 years) first observed in infancy (8.5 +/- 5.6 months) and followed longitudinally to age 29. In infancy (18.58 +/- 1.02 mos), both disorganized infant attachment behavior and disrupted maternal communication were assessed in the standard Strange Situation Procedure (SSP). Increased left amygdala volume in adulthood was associated with both maternal and infant components of disorganized attachment interactions at 18 months of age (overall r=0.679, p < 0.004). Later stressors, including childhood maltreatment and attachment disturbance in adolescence, were not significantly related to left amygdala volume. Left amygdala volume was further associated with dissociation and limbic irritability in adulthood. Finally, left amygdala volume mediated the prediction from attachment disturbance in infancy to limbic irritability in adulthood. Results point to the likely importance of quality of early care for amygdala development in human children as well as in rodents. The long-term prediction found here suggests that the first two years of life may be an early sensitive period for amygdala development during which clinical intervention could have particularly important consequences for later child outcomes. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.