Noctuid moths as pollinators of Habenaria sagittifera (Orchidaceae): floral adaptations for the transfer of pollinaria on the thoraxes of moths
Noctuid moths as pollinators of Habenaria sagittifera (Orchidaceae): floral adaptations for the transfer of pollinaria on the thoraxes of moths
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DOI：
10.1007/s00114-019-1652-7
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发表时间：
2019-11-19
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Sugiura, Shinji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sakagami, Kota;Sugiura, Shinji
兰花会将它们的花粉附着在访花蛾的特定身体部位，但通常不会附着在访花蛾的多毛和鳞片的身体部位，因为毛发和鳞片很容易脱落。我们证明了在日本，矢状花（Habenaria sagittifera）（兰科）的传粉在花之间在飞蛾的毛胸上转移。白天和夜间的昆虫造访兰花。然而，传粉花粉只附着在绢蛾（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）的毛胸上。所有的传粉花粉都直接附着在毛基部的腹胸表面。兰花的鞭毛长度与蜜蜂的喙长度相匹配，因此取蜜的飞蛾可以接触到花粉的粘垫和柱头。其他访花者在取食花蜜时不接触花蕊或柱头。矢状Habenaria sagittifera似乎具有一种适合于传粉花粉在飞蛾胸脯上转移的花形态。
Orchids attach their pollinaria (cohesive masses of pollen) to specific body parts of flower visitors, but usually not to the hairy and scaly body parts of flower-visiting moths, because hairs and scales are easily detached. We demonstrate that pollinaria of Habenaria sagittifera (Orchidaceae) are transferred among flowers on the hairy thoraxes of moths in Japan. Diurnal and nocturnal insects visited the orchid flowers. However, pollinaria were attached only to the hairy thoraxes of plusiine moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). All pollinaria were directly attached to the ventral thorax surfaces at the bases of hairs. Orchid spur lengths matched plusiine proboscis lengths so that nectar-feeding moths contacted the viscidia (sticky pads of pollinaria) and stigma. Other flower visitors did not contact the viscidia or stigmas while feeding on nectar. Habenaria sagittifera appears to have a floral morphology that is adaptive for the transfer of pollinaria on the thoraxes of plusiine moths.