AUTOMATED AND MANUAL ANALYSES OF THE PORE DENSITY-TO-OXYGEN RELATIONSHIP IN GLOBOBULIMINA TURGIDA (BAILEY)
AUTOMATED AND MANUAL ANALYSES OF THE PORE DENSITY-TO-OXYGEN RELATIONSHIP IN GLOBOBULIMINA TURGIDA (BAILEY)
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DOI：
10.2113/gsjfr.44.1.5
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Friedrich, Oliver
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kuhnt, Tanja;Schiebel, Ralf;Friedrich, Oliver
为了测试底栖有孔虫的孔隙密度作为底层水充氧的潜在替代指标，对深海底栖和耐缺氧有孔虫物种Globobulimina turgida的活标本（孟加拉玫瑰红染色）进行了孔隙密度分析。三个站在里面，两个站在氧气下面。最小区（OMZ）的纳米比亚进行了调查，并在现场测量的底层水氧含量（BW-O-2）进行了比较。孔密度首先常规地通过在SEM照片上相当耗时的手动孔计数和测量分析的测试区域来评估。为了显著缩短测量时间，我们使用图像分析软件包analySIS（版本5.0，Olympus Soft Imaging Solutions）测试和评估了孔密度测量的自动化。将自动分析的孔密度数据与G.肿胀。我们的研究表明，手动和自动采集的数据几乎相同的结果。因此，我们认为新技术提供了一种替代和更快速的方法来分析有孔虫的孔隙密度。对于这两种方法，我们的结果显示孔密度与BW-O-2之间存在明显的负线性相关性（自动分析孔密度：tau =-0.50，p < 0.001;手动分析孔密度：t =-0.49，p < 0.001），表明G.膨胀体响应于氧气的减少而增加其孔密度。因此，我们认为，类似于其他最近描述的耐低氧的底栖有孔虫物种，G。膨胀体可以通过增加孔密度来改善其O2吸收以在低氧环境中存活。这种形态学适应可能有助于未来的研究，以建立BW-O-2的独立代理。此外，孔密度进行了比较，在原位测量底层水硝酸盐浓度（BW-NO3-）。研究了G. turgida表明，与BW-0 -2相比，硝酸盐似乎是影响该物种孔密度的次要因素。
To test the pore density in benthic foraminifera as a potential proxy for bottom-water oxygenation, pore density analyses were carried out on tests of living (rose Bengal-stained) specimens of the deep-infaunal and anoxia-tolerant foraminiferal species Globobulimina turgida. Three stations within and two stations below the oxygen. minimum zone (OMZ) off Namibia were investigated and compared to in situ-measured bottom-water oxygen content (BW-O-2). Pore density was first conventionally assessed by rather time-consuming manual pore counting on SEM photographs and measurement of the analyzed test areas. To significantly shorten the measurement time we tested and evaluated an automation of the pore density measurement using the image analysis software package analySIS (version 5.0, Olympus Soft Imaging Solutions). Pore density data from automated analyses are compared to manually acquired data from G. turgida. Our study shows almost identical results for both manually and automatically acquired data. Consequently, we assume that the new technique provides an alternative and more rapid method to analyze the pore density of foraminifera. For both methods, our results show a distinct negative linear correlation (automatically analyzed pore density: tau = -0.50, p < 0.001; manually analyzed pore density: t = -0.49, p < 0.001) between pore density and BW-O-2, suggesting that G. turgida increases its pore density in response to decreasing oxygen. Thus, we suggest that, similar to other recently described low-oxygen-tolerant benthic foraminiferal species, G. turgida may improve its 02 uptake by increasing pore density to survive in low-oxic environments. This morphological adaption might be useful for future studies to establish an independent proxy for BW-O-2. In addition, pore density has been compared to in situ-measured bottom-water nitrate concentration (BW-NO3-). Our investigation of the pore density-to-BW-NO3- relationship for G. turgida suggests that nitrate seems to be a minor factor influencing pore density in this species compared to BW-O-2.