Relationship of colonial morphology to virulence for chickens of Mycobacterium avium and the nonphotochromogens.
Relationship of colonial morphology to virulence for chickens of Mycobacterium avium and the nonphotochromogens.
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鸡分枝杆菌和非光致变色菌的菌落形态与毒力的关系。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1965
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Solotorovsky
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Moehring;M. Solotorovsky
已知非典型分枝杆菌中的许多非光显色菌群的成员具有与禽结核病病原体鸟分枝杆菌相似的培养特性（1-3）。这些非光致色原，即鲁尼恩分类法中的第三组生物，已被证明是人类肺病的病原体，因此值得仔细研究。对群体特征的观察表明，M.鸟和某些非光致发色原，而不是在其他分枝杆菌物种（4）。生物化学测试也显示出某些相似之处。在利用各种碳源和分解某些酰胺的试验中（1），M.鸟类和某些非光致发色团实际上难以区分。对分枝杆菌脂质的研究表明，M。鸟类和非光致发色团具有在任何其他抗酸物种中未发现的特定糖脂-肽组分（5）。与所有测试的哺乳动物菌株和发光显色剂相反，禽类和非发光显色分枝杆菌不具有可证实的尿素酶（6）。当在巯基乙酸盐培养基上生长时，这两个组的行为再次相似且不同（7）。鉴于这些发现，一些研究者认为M。鸟类和第III组nonphotochromogens可以被认为是一个单一的物种（1）。尽管这两种类型之间的相似性，第III组微生物通常对鸡无毒，而M。禽结核病是一种严重的、消耗性的、通常是致命的结核病。这种差异是区分这两组分枝杆菌的主要标准。
Many members of the nonphotochromogenic group of atypical mycobacteria ha:e _long_ b~en known to exhibit cultural charactenstiCs srmilar to those of Mycobacterium avium, the causative agent of avian tuberculosis (1-3). These nonphotochromogens, the Group III organisms of Runyon's classification (3), have been shown _to be a causative agent of human pulmonary disease, and so merit careful study. Observations of colonial characteristics show that several distinctive colonial types are found in M. avium and certain nonphotochromogens and not in other mycobacterial species (4). Biochemical testing has also demonstrated certain similarities. In tests for utilization of various carbon sources and decomposition of certain amides (1), M. avium and certain nonphotochromogens are virtually indistinguishable. A study of mycobacterial lipids has shown that M. avium and the nonphotochromogens possess a specific glycolipid-peptide component not found in any other acid-fast species (5). Avian and non photochromogenic mycobacteria do not possess demonstrable urease enzyme, as opposed to all tested mammalian strains and the photochromogens (6). When grown on thioglycollate medium, these two groups again behave similarly and distinctly (7). In view of such findings, some investigators believe that M. avium and the Group III nonphotochromogens may be considered as a single species (1). Despite the similarities between these two types, Group III organisms are generally avirulent for the chicken, whereas M. avium causes a severe, wasting, and usually fatal tuberculosis in this host. This difference has been the main criterion for separating these two groups of mycobacteria.