Academic Performance and Lifestyle Behaviors in Australian School Children: A Cluster Analysis
Academic Performance and Lifestyle Behaviors in Australian School Children: A Cluster Analysis
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DOI：
10.1177/1090198117699508
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Maher, Carol
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dumuid, Dorothea;Olds, Timothy;Maher, Carol
学习成绩差与特定的生活方式行为有关，例如不健康的饮食，睡眠时间短，屏幕时间长和身体活动少。然而，人们对生活方式行为模式（或行为组合）如何影响儿童的学习成绩知之甚少。我们的目的是比较具有共同生活方式行为模式的儿童群体的学习成绩。我们将参与者（9-11岁的澳大利亚儿童，n = 284）分为四个相互排斥的不同生活方式行为模式组，使用以下生活方式行为作为聚类输入：轻度，中度和剧烈的身体活动;久坐行为和睡眠，来自24小时加速度计;自我报告的屏幕时间和饮食。在集群中检测到学习成绩的差异（通过国家管理的标准化测试测量），垃圾食品筛选集群（不健康饮食/高屏幕时间）的得分最低，而在Sitters集群（高非屏幕久坐行为/低体力活动）中得分最高。这些发现表明，减少屏幕时间和改善饮食可能对学习成绩有积极贡献。虽然在这项研究中，有大量非屏幕久坐时间的儿童在学业上表现更好，但他们也积累了低水平的身体活动。鉴于已知的体力活动对身体和精神的益处，这值得进一步研究。
Poor academic performance has been linked with particular lifestyle behaviors, such as unhealthy diet, short sleep duration, high screen time, and low physical activity. However, little is known about how lifestyle behavior patterns (or combinations of behaviors) contribute to children's academic performance. We aimed to compare academic performance across clusters of children with common lifestyle behavior patterns. We clustered participants (Australian children aged 9-11 years, n = 284) into four mutually exclusive groups of distinct lifestyle behavior patterns, using the following lifestyle behaviors as cluster inputs: light, moderate, and vigorous physical activity; sedentary behavior and sleep, derived from 24-hour accelerometry; self-reported screen time and diet. Differences in academic performance (measured by a nationally administered standardized test) were detected across the clusters, with scores being lowest in the Junk Food Screenies cluster (unhealthy diet/high screen time) and highest in the Sitters cluster (high nonscreen sedentary behavior/low physical activity). These findings suggest that reduction in screen time and an improved diet may contribute positively to academic performance. While children with high nonscreen sedentary time performed better academically in this study, they also accumulated low levels of physical activity. This warrants further investigation, given the known physical and mental benefits of physical activity.