The spread of a novel behavior in wild chimpanzees: New insights into the ape cultural mind.
The spread of a novel behavior in wild chimpanzees: New insights into the ape cultural mind.
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DOI：
10.1080/19420889.2015.1017164
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发表时间：
2015-03
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hobaiter C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gruber T;Poisot T;Zuberbühler K;Hoppitt W;Hobaiter C
多年来，关于动物文化的争论一直被一个令人困惑的问题所主导，即缺乏直接证据来证明动物文化的旗舰物种——普通黑猩猩——行为创新的社会传播。尽管圈养动物对新行为的社会学习已有记录，但批评者认为，这些发现缺乏生态有效性，因此可能与理解文化进化无关。对于野生动物来说，群体特定行为差异的出现可能是因为群体成员对未指明的环境差异做出了单独的反应，而不是相互学习。在最近的一篇论文中，我们对野生黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii）进行了社会网络分析，为一种行为创新的社会传播提供了直接证据，即从树洞中提取水的苔藓海绵。在这里，我们讨论了我们的发现的意义，以及我们的新方法如何帮助未来研究野生猿类的社会学习和文化。
For years, the animal culture debate has been dominated by the puzzling absence of direct evidence for social transmission of behavioral innovations in the flagship species of animal culture, the common chimpanzee. Although social learning of novel behaviors has been documented in captivity, critics argue that these findings lack ecological validity and therefore may not be relevant for understanding the evolution of culture. For the wild, it is possible that group-specific behavioral differences emerge because group members respond individually to unspecified environmental differences, rather than learning from each other. In a recent paper, we used social network analyses in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) to provide direct evidence for social transmission of a behavioral innovation, moss-sponging, to extract water from a tree hole. Here, we discuss the implications of our findings and how our new methodological approach could help future studies of social learning and culture in wild apes.