A low filtration resistance three-dimensional composite membrane fabricated via free surface electrospinning for effective PM2.5 capture
A low filtration resistance three-dimensional composite membrane fabricated via free surface electrospinning for effective PM2.5 capture
复制标题
通过自由表面静电纺丝制造的低过滤阻力三维复合膜可有效捕获 PM2.5
DOI：
10.1039/c6en00696e
复制
发表时间：
2017-04-01
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Qin, Xiaohong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gao, Hanchao;Yang, Yuqiong;Qin, Xiaohong
环境颗粒物污染危害全球气候和公众健康。因此，需要一种具有成本效益和节能的空气过滤器。本文采用多喷嘴自由表面静电纺丝技术制备了低过滤阻力、高孔隙率的聚丙烯腈（PAN）三维复合膜。由支架纳米纤维、微球和薄纳米纤维等三元结构组成的复合纳米纤维膜首次被证明可以作为空气过滤器。纳米纤维支架构成了一个稳定的骨架框架，微球嵌入其中；微球扩大了纤维间空隙，从而大大降低了压降，而直径为84 nm的薄纳米纤维与支架纳米纤维交织在一起，提高了空气中颗粒的碰撞概率，在不牺牲过滤效率的情况下保证了强大的过滤性能。此外，嵌入的微球也显著改善了膜的力学性能。在流速为5.3 cm s−1的条件下，制备的高孔隙率三维复合膜对氯化钠（NaCl）气溶胶颗粒具有较高的过滤效率（99.99%）和低压降（126.7 Pa）。此外，在模拟空气过滤器典型运行环境的动态PM2.5过滤系统中，所制备的膜的PM2.5过滤效率高达99.24%。自由表面静电纺丝制备的低电阻三维复合膜不仅可用于实验室研究，而且可用于工业生产和商业应用。
Ambient particulate matter (PM) pollution jeopardizes both the global climate and public health. Therefore, there is a need for a cost-effective and energy-efficient air filter. Herein, a low filtration resistance polyacrylonitrile (PAN) three-dimensional composite membrane with high porosity was controllably fabricated via multi-jet free surface electrospinning. The composite nanofibrous membrane, composed of ternary structures including scaffold nanofibers, microspheres and thin nanofibers, was demonstrated as an air filter for the first time. The scaffold nanofibers constituted a stable skeletal framework in which the microspheres were embedded; the microspheres enlarged the inter-fiber voids thus greatly reducing the pressure drop, while thin nanofibers with diameters of 84 nm interwoven with the scaffold nanofibers improved the collision probability of the airborne particles and guaranteed a robust filtration performance without sacrificing filtration efficiency. Additionally, the embedded microspheres also significantly improved the mechanical properties of the membrane. The fabricated high porosity three-dimensional composite membrane exhibited high filtration efficiency (99.99%) and low pressure drop (126.7 Pa) to sodium chloride (NaCl) aerosol particles under an airflow velocity of 5.3 cm s−1. Furthermore, the as-prepared membrane demonstrated high PM2.5 filtration efficiency (99.24%) in a dynamic PM2.5 filtration system simulating the typical operation environment of an air filter. The low resistance three-dimensional composite membrane fabricated via free surface electrospinning is not only efficient for laboratory research but can also be applied to industrial production and in commercial applications.