Regulation of circRNA biogenesis
Regulation of circRNA biogenesis
复制标题
circRNA生物合成的调控
DOI：
10.1080/15476286.2015.1020271
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发表时间：
2015-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Yang, Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Ling-Ling;Yang, Li
与末端有5个帽和3个尾的线性RNA不同，环状RNA的特征是共价闭合的环结构，既没有5到3个极性，也没有多腺苷化的尾巴。这一内在特征导致在以往的多腺苷化转录组分析中普遍低估了环状RNA的存在。随着特定的生化和计算方法的出现，在不同的细胞系和不同的物种中已经发现了大量来自后向剪接外显子的环状RNA。最近的研究发现，反向剪接需要规范的剪接体机制，并且可以由互补序列和特定的蛋白质因子促进。在这篇综述中，我们强调了我们目前对CircRNA生物发生调控的理解，包括剪接和反向剪接之间的竞争，以及以前被低估的替代环化。
Unlike linear RNAs terminated with 5 caps and 3 tails, circular RNAs are characterized by covalently closed loop structures with neither 5 to 3 polarity nor polyadenylated tail. This intrinsic characteristic has led to the general under-estimation of the existence of circular RNAs in previous polyadenylated transcriptome analyses. With the advent of specific biochemical and computational approaches, a large number of circular RNAs from back-spliced exons (circRNAs) have been identified in various cell lines and across different species. Recent studies have uncovered that back-splicing requires canonical spliceosomal machinery and can be facilitated by both complementary sequences and specific protein factors. In this review, we highlight our current understanding of the regulation of circRNA biogenesis, including both the competition between splicing and back-splicing and the previously under-appreciated alternative circularization.