Innovative prototypes for cervical cancer prevention in low-income primary care settings: A human-centered design approach
Innovative prototypes for cervical cancer prevention in low-income primary care settings: A human-centered design approach
复制标题
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0238099
复制
发表时间：
2020-08-24
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Botero, Jorge
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arrivillaga, Marcela;Bermudez, Paula C.;Botero, Jorge
本文介绍了哥伦比亚卡利低收入地区初级保健中心采用以人为本的设计 (HCD) 预防宫颈癌的创新原型的设计过程。该项目是与一个公共医疗保健网络合作开发的，该网络由 38 个城乡中心组成，成员包括年龄在 25 至 65 岁之间的女性、癌症项目的医疗保健提供者、医疗保健管理人员和该网络的总经理。我们的 HCD 流程涉及五个阶段：研究、需求综合、构思和协同设计流程、原型设计和上下文可用性测试。在实践中，一些阶段在整个设计过程中是重叠和迭代的。我们进行了观察、开放式访谈和对话、多利益相关者研讨会、焦点小组、系统的文本浓缩分析和真实环境中的测试。因此，我们设计了四个原型：（1）“Encanto”：教育性美甲服务，（2）“No le des la espalda a la citologia”：基于媒体的策略，（3）候诊室的教育性无线排队设备，以及（4）Citobot：宫颈癌早期检测设备、系统和方法。每个原型进行的测试都显示了它们在后续开发和通过公共卫生研究或临床研究验证方面的价值、局限性和可能性。我们认识到，需要进行长期评估，以确定是否定期使用原型、将其纳入宫颈癌筛查服务并有效提高细胞学筛查测试的可及性。我们的结论是，HCD 对于宫颈癌领域基于设计的预防很有用。将这种方法与公共卫生研究相结合，将有助于在制定政策和计划期间生成证据，并优化现有干预措施，并最终促进实际有效措施的可扩展性和融资。
This article presents the design process of innovative prototypes for cervical cancer prevention in primary care centers located in low-income settings in Cali, Colombia, using the Human-Centered Design (HCD). The project was developed in collaboration with a public healthcare network comprised of 38 urban and rural centers with women between the ages of 25 and 65 years, healthcare providers of the cancer program, healthcare administrators and the general manager of said network. Our HCD process involved five stages: research, need synthesis, ideation and co-design process, prototyping and in-context usability testing. In practice, some of the stages are overlapped and iterated throughout the design process. We conducted observations, open-ended interviews and conversations, multi-stakeholder workshops, focus groups, systematic text condensation analyses and tests in real contexts. As a result, we designed four prototypes: (1) 'Encanto': An educational manicure service, (2) 'No le des la espalda a la citologia': A media-based strategy, (3) An educational wireless queuing device in the waiting room, and (4) Citobot: A cervical cancer early detection device, system, and method. The tests carried out with each prototype showed their value, limitations and possibilities in terms of subsequent development and validation through public health research or clinical research. We recognize that a longer-term evaluation is required in order to determine whether the prototypes will be used regularly, integrated into cervical cancer screening services and effectively improve access to cytology as a screening test. We conclude that HCD is a useful for design-based prevention in the field of cervical cancer. The integration of this approach with public health research would allow the generation of evidence during to the formulation of policies and programs as well as optimize existing interventions and, ultimately, facilitate the scalability and financing of what actually works.