Simulating Murder: The Aversion to Harmful Action
Simulating Murder: The Aversion to Harmful Action
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DOI：
10.1037/a0025071
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发表时间：
2012-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Mendes, Wendy Berry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cushman, Fiery;Gray, Kurt;Mendes, Wendy Berry
各种各样的证据表明，人类基本上厌恶对他人进行身体伤害。首先，我们证明，不愿意赞同伤害的道德困境预测的个体差异，厌恶反应，外周血管收缩指数。接下来，我们测试了引起对伤害的厌恶反应的具体因素。参与者们会做一些动作，比如把一把假枪射到实验者的脸上，他们完全知道这些动作是假装的，是无害的。这些模拟的有害行为增加外周血管收缩显着超过目睹假装有害行为或执行代谢匹配无害的行动。这表明，对有害行为的厌恶超出了对受害者伤害的移情关注。总之，这些研究表明了身体和道德决策过程之间的联系。
Diverse lines of evidence point to a basic human aversion to physically harming others. First, we demonstrate that unwillingness to endorse harm in a moral dilemma is predicted by individual differences in aversive reactivity, as indexed by peripheral vasoconstriction. Next, we tested the specific factors that elicit the aversive response to harm. Participants performed actions such as discharging a fake gun into the face of the experimenter, fully informed that the actions were pretend and harmless. These simulated harmful actions increased peripheral vasoconstriction significantly more than did witnessing pretend harmful actions or to performing metabolically matched nonharmful actions. This suggests that the aversion to harmful actions extends beyond empathic concern for victim harm. Together, these studies demonstrate a link between the body and moral decision-making processes.