Uninstructed human responding: Sensitivity of low-rate performance to schedule contingencies.
Uninstructed human responding: Sensitivity of low-rate performance to schedule contingencies.
复制标题
无指导的人类反应：低率绩效对安排突发事件的敏感性。
DOI：
10.1901/jeab.1981.36-207
复制
发表时间：
1981
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
B. A. Matthews
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Shimoff;A. Catania;B. A. Matthews
大学生按下电报键偶尔会打开一盏灯，在这种情况下，按下按钮会产生积分，后来可以兑换成货币。最初，通过叠加在随机间隔或随机比率时间表上的低速率突发事件来维持响应。后来，低利率的意外开支被放宽了。低速率按键已建立了一些学生的塑造和其他人的演示和书面指示。低利率意外事件放松后，较高的响应率一般不会增加点收益与随机间隔调度，但这样做与随机比调度。在这两种情况下，形状响应通常增加，并指示响应通常继续在一个不变的低速率。尽管与突发事件有过接触，但指示反应的不敏感性通常还是会发生。不同的敏感性，以计划意外事件的形状响应相对于指示响应是一致的意外事件管理和规则管理的行为的不同属性，是不依赖于速率。
College students' presses on a telegraph key occasionally turned on a light in the presence of which button presses produced points later exchangeable for money. Initially, responding was maintained by low-rate contingencies superimposed on either random-interval or random-ratio schedules. Later, the low-rate contingencies were relaxed. Low-rate key pressing had been established for some students by shaping and for others by demonstration and written instructions. After the low-rate contingencies were relaxed, higher response rates generally did not increase point earnings with random-interval scheduling, but did so with random-ratio scheduling. In both cases, shaped responding usually increased, and instructed responding usually continued at an unchanged low rate. The insensitivity of instructed responding typically occurred despite contact with the contingencies. The differential sensitivity to schedule contingencies of shaped responding relative to instructed responding is consistent with the different properties of contingency-governed and rule-governed behavior and is not rate-dependent.