Prevalence and Correlates of Special Health Care Needs in a Population Cohort of Australian Children at School Entry
Prevalence and Correlates of Special Health Care Needs in a Population Cohort of Australian Children at School Entry
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DOI：
10.1097/dbp.0b013e31824a7b8e
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发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Oberklaid, Frank
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goldfeld, Sharon;O'Connor, Meredith;Oberklaid, Frank
目的：有特殊卫生保健需要的儿童是教育和卫生服务提供者的重要群体。需要关于这些儿童及其家庭的普遍性和特点的准确信息，以便为护理系统的规划和发展提供信息，但澳大利亚目前缺乏相关数据。研究方法：这项研究利用人口水平的数据，从澳大利亚早期发展指数，教师评定的清单，提供的流行率和发展和人口特征的澳大利亚儿童入学时有特殊的医疗保健需求的估计。结果如下：据报告，4%的儿童有确定的特殊医疗保健需求，另有18%的儿童被教师确定为“需要关注”。“这些儿童在所有发展领域都表现出更高的脆弱性。虽然在所有人口统计资料中都有确定有特殊保健需要的儿童，但男孩、社会经济地位较低社区的儿童、土著儿童和年龄较大的儿童所占比例更大。相比之下，那些生活在较偏远地区的人与同龄人一样可能被确定为“需要关注”，但不太可能有特殊的医疗保健需求。结论：这些发现对服务提供和政策制定具有重要意义。有大量机会调整学校教育和幼儿教育制度，以更好地发现和满足这些儿童的需要。（J Dev Behav Pediatr 33：319-327，2012）
Objective: Children with special health care needs are an important population for educational and health service providers. Accurate information about the prevalence and characteristics of these children and their families is needed to inform the planning and development of systems of care, yet data in Australia are currently lacking. Methods: This study utilizes population-level data from the Australian Early Development Index, a teacher-rated checklist, to provide estimates of the prevalence and developmental and demographic characteristics of Australian children with special health care needs on entrance to school. Results: Four percent of children were reported with established special health care needs, and a further 18% were identified by teachers as "of concern." These children showed higher rates of vulnerability across all domains of development. Although children with established special health care needs were represented across demographic profiles, proportions were greater among boys, those from lower socioeconomic status communities, and Indigenous and older children. In contrast, those living in more remote settings were as likely to be identified as "of concern" as their peers but were less likely to have established special health care needs. Conclusions: These findings have important implications for service provision and policy development. There are substantial opportunities to reorient schooling and early childhood systems to better detect and accommodate the needs of these children. (J Dev Behav Pediatr 33:319-327, 2012)