Bioerosion in coral reef communities in southwest Puerto Rico by the sea urchin Echinometra viridis
Bioerosion in coral reef communities in southwest Puerto Rico by the sea urchin Echinometra viridis
复制标题
海胆 Echinometra viridis 对波多黎各西南部珊瑚礁群落的生物侵蚀
DOI：
10.1007/s00227-003-1056-1
复制
发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
E. Weil
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Griffin;R. P. García;E. Weil
生物侵蚀是珊瑚礁群落最重要的结构力量之一。对加勒比地区几种鱼类、海绵和海胆的生物侵蚀影响进行了估计;但是，没有关于一种重要物种-红海胆的信息。该物种的模式产地在许多地方。在这项研究中，采用种群大小级分布、平均密度和24 h内产生的粪便颗粒中的CaCO 3含量，估计了波多黎各西南部La Parguera外两个斑块珊瑚礁中绿球藻的生物侵蚀速率。利用40 m样线和1 m2样方估算了沿着4个深度区间的海胆平均密度。平均大小和大小结构分布估计通过测量180-220海胆随机收集在每个四个深度间隔的直径。采用燃烧损失法估算了生物侵蚀的日速率。将海胆在24小时内产生的粪便颗粒收集在桶中，在淡水中冲洗，在70°C下干燥24小时，然后在550°C下在炉中燃烧，首先除去有机物，然后在1000°C下燃烧直到恒重，以测定粪便颗粒中碳酸钙（CaCO 3）的量。然后将HCl（10%）加入到剩余的样品中，以检测CaCO 3的存在。平均个体CaCO 3生物侵蚀速率估计为0.181±0.104 g/天。平均密度（0.77-62.0 ind.）m−2）、大小（2.01-2.44 cm）和平均生物侵蚀速率（0.114-4.14 kg m− 2年−1）在两个珊瑚礁的浅水区（1-3 m）显著较高。与鹦鹉鱼、石内海绵和黑海胆D.antillarum的报告相比，生物侵蚀率较低，但高于加勒比和印度太平洋其他小型海胆的报告。
Bioerosion is one of the most important structuring forces in coral reef communities. The bioerosion impact of several species of fish, sponges and sea urchins have been estimated in the Caribbean; however, there is no information for one important species, the red sea urchinEchinometra viridis. This species can be found in high densities in many localities. In this study, bioerosion rates forE.viridiswere estimated in two patch reefs off La Parguera, southwest Puerto Rico, using the population size-class distribution, average densities, and the CaCO3content in fecal pellets produced over 24 h. Average densities of urchins along four depth intervals were estimated using 40-m transect lines and 1-m2quadrats. Average size and size-structure distribution were estimated by measuring the diameter of 180–220 urchins haphazardly collected at each of the four depth intervals. The ignition–loss method was used to estimate the daily rate of bioerosion. Fecal pellets produced by the urchins over a 24 h period were collected in buckets, rinsed in fresh water, dried for 24 h at 70°C, and then burned in a furnace at 550°C, first to eliminate organics, and then at 1000°C until constant weight to determine the amount of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in the fecal pellets. HCl (10%) was then added to the remainder of the sample to test for presence of CaCO3.Average individual CaCO3bioerosion rates were estimated at 0.181±0.104 g day−1. Average densities (0.77–62.0 ind. m−2), size (2.01–2.44 cm) and average bioerosion rates (0.114–4.14 kg m−2year−1) were significantly higher in shallow areas (1–3 m) in both reefs. Bioerosion rates were low compared to those reported for parrotfish, endolithic sponges and the black sea urchinD.antillarum, but they were higher than those reported for other small-sized sea urchins in the Caribbean and the Indo-Pacific.