Mechanism of centrosome positioning during the wound response in BSC-1 cells.
Mechanism of centrosome positioning during the wound response in BSC-1 cells.
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DOI：
10.1083/jcb.116.5.1157
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发表时间：
1992-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Schliwa M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Euteneuer U;Schliwa M
运动细胞具有明显的外部和内部前后极性。在运动开始时，与细胞极化相关的事件之一是中心体（MTOC）在细胞核前面移动。这个位置被认为对细胞定向运动和细胞极性具有重要的战略意义。我们使用体外伤口边缘的BSC-1细胞来阐明MTOC位置与细胞极化起始之间的因果关系。我们发现，在没有MTOC重新定位或微管的情况下，明显的细胞极化（板足的延伸）可以发生。相反，即使在层状伸展和细胞极化发生后，MTOCs也会重新定位。重新定位需要延伸到细胞周围的微管，并且独立于向细胞前部延伸的微管的选择性去酪氨酸。值得注意的是，mtoc保持或至少试图保持在细胞质心的位置。这在受伤的去核单层细胞中表现得最为明显，其中MTOC密切跟随质心位置。我们认为，在没有微管和MTOC重新定位的情况下，对这种情况的主要反应是板足的偏伸。片足的延伸导致细胞质心向伤口方向移动。MTOC，试图保持靠近细胞中心的位置，将紧随其后。这将使绝大多数细胞中的MTOC自动排在细胞核前面。核作为MTOC位置的参考可能不像以前认为的那样有意义。
Locomoting cells are characterized by a pronounced external and internal anterior-posterior polarity. One of the events associated with cell polarization at the onset of locomotion is a shift of the centrosome, or MTOC, ahead of the nucleus. This position is believed to be of strategic importance for directional cell movement and cell polarity. We have used BSC-1 cells at the edge of an in vitro wound to clarify the causal relationship between MTOC position and the initiation of cell polarization. We find that pronounced cell polarization (the extension of a lamellipod) can take place in the absence of MTOC repositioning or microtubules. Conversely, MTOCs will reposition even after lamellar extension and cell polarization have occurred. Repositioning requires microtubules that extend to the cell periphery and is independent of selective detyrosination of microtubules extending towards the cell front. Significantly, MTOCs maintain, or at least attempt to maintain, a position at the cell's centroid. This is most clearly demonstrated in wounded monolayers of enucleated cells where the MTOC closely follows the centroid position. We suggest that the primary response to the would is the biased extension of a lamellipod, which can occur in the absence of microtubules and MTOC repositioning. Lamellipod extension leads to a shift of the cell's centroid towards the wound. The MTOC, in an attempt to maintain a position near the cell center, will follow. This will automatically put the MTOC ahead of the nucleus in the vast majority of cells. The nucleus as a reference for MTOC position may not be as meaningful as previously thought.