Dog and owner demographic characteristics and dog personality trait associations
Dog and owner demographic characteristics and dog personality trait associations
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DOI：
10.1016/j.beproc.2009.04.004
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发表时间：
2009-07-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Miklosi, Adam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kubinyi, Eniko;Turcsan, Borbala;Miklosi, Adam
本研究的目的是分析狗（Canis familiaris）的四种人格特质（冷静，可训练性，狗的社交性和大胆）与狗和主人人口统计数据之间的关系，大样本量为14，004人。讲德语的狗主人可以通过在互联网上填写表格来描述他们的狗。狗有五个人口统计变量，主人有九个。两种统计方法用于调查人格和人口统计特征之间的关联：更传统的一般线性方法和回归树，这是分析数据结构中非线性关系的理想方法。结果表明，平静主要受狗的年龄，绝育状态，狗经历过的不同类型的专业训练课程（如服从，敏捷）的数量和收购的年龄的影响。最不平静的狗小于2.5岁，在前12周龄后绝育并获得，而最平静的狗超过6.9岁。可训练性主要受训练经历、犬的年龄和饲养犬的目的的影响。最不容易训练的狗根本没有接受过专业训练，年龄超过3岁。最容易训练的狗是那些参加过三种或三种以上专业训练的狗。对同种的社会性主要取决于年龄，性别，培训经验和时间一起度过。最不合群的狗年龄超过4.8岁，主人每天与狗在一起的时间不到3小时。最善于交际的狗年龄小于1.5岁。男性比女性更不善于与自己的同类交往。大胆受到狗的性别和年龄以及获得年龄的影响。最大胆的是1岁后获得的或由主人繁殖的雌性。最大胆的狗是雄性，在12周龄之前获得，年龄小于2岁。其他变量，包括主人的性别，年龄，教育，以前与狗的经验，家庭中的人和狗的数量，以及养狗的目的，都有轻微但可检测的影响。结果表明，在线问卷是一个非常有效的手段，收集有关狗的行为数据，特别是如果业主的动机是即时反馈。然而，请注意，本研究中狗的特征是由主人报告的，与特征的关联不一定代表因果关系。(C)2009爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
The aim of this study was to analyze the relationships between four personality traits (calmness, trainability, dog sociability and boldness) of dogs (Canis familiaris) and dog and owner demographics on a large sample size with 14,004 individuals. German speaking dog owners could characterize their dog by filling out a form on the Internet. There were five demographic variables for dogs and nine for owners. Two statistical methods were used for investigating the associations between personality and demographic traits: the more traditional general linear methods and regression trees that are ideal for analyzing nonlinear relationships in the structure of the data. The results showed that calmness is influenced primarily by the dog's age, the neutered status, the number of different types of professional training courses (e.g. obedience, agility) the dog had experienced and the age of acquisition. The least calm dogs were less than 2.5 years old, neutered and acquired after the first 12 weeks of age, while the calmest dogs were older than 6.9 years. Trainability was affected primarily by the training experiences, the dog's age, and the purpose of keeping the dog. The least trainable dogs had not received professional training at all and were older than 3 years. The most trainable dogs were those who participated in three or more types of professional training. Sociability toward conspecifics was mainly determined by the age, sex, training experience and time spent together. The least sociable dogs were older than 4.8 years and the owners spent less than 3 h with the dog daily. The most sociable dogs were less than 1.5 years old. Males were less sociable toward their conspecifics than females. Boldness was affected by the sex and age of the dog and the age of acquisition. The least bold were females acquired after the age of 1 year or bred by the owner. The boldest dogs were males, acquired before the age of 12 weeks, and were younger than 2 years old. Other variables, including the owner's gender, age, education, previous experience with dogs, the number of people and dogs in the household, and purpose of keeping the dogs had minor, but detectable effects. The results suggest that on-line questionnaires are a very effective means for collecting data about dog behavior, especially if owners are motivated by instant feedback. However, note that the characteristics of dogs in the present study were reported by the owners, and the associations with the traits do not necessarily represent a causal relationship. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.