Motion primitives learning of ship-ship interaction patterns in encounter situations

Motion primitives learning of ship-ship interaction patterns in encounter situations
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相遇情况下船与船交互模式的运动基元学习

DOI:
10.1016/j.oceaneng.2022.110708
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发表时间:
2022-03
期刊:
影响因子:
5
通讯作者:
Qing Yu
Qing Yu
中科院分区:
工程技术2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chengfeng Jia;Jie Ma;Murong He;Yudong Su;Yu Zhang;Qing Yu

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由于船舶相遇运动的不确定性和长期频繁的相互作用,使得相遇过程具有动态性和随机性,因此对相遇情况的理解是一项艰巨的任务。如果我们能够将这些复杂的相遇过程分解成代表基本互动模式的动作基元,那么相遇就更容易被理解和识别。在这项研究中,我们提出了一种基于两流长短期记忆的自动编码器(LSTM-Based AE)方法,可以在没有特定规则和先验知识的情况下,从多维相遇数据中提取运动基元。该方法利用LSTM的顺序表示能力来学习每个遇到的船舶运动的时间相关性。然后,我们开发了一种名为动态人工势场(DAPF)的融合门来融合两个LSTM的输出,并生成了捕捉相互作用时空关系所需的高级表示。然后,通过聚类方法自动提取描述各种交互模式的运动基元。该方法的有效性得到了自然相遇数据的验证。基于LSTM的声发射的低重建误差表明,高层表示捕捉到了时间和空间维度上的相互作用关系。实例研究表明,运动基元的使用为分析交互模式和交会过程提供了一种语义可解释的技术,有利于智能舰船的态势感知和决策。
Understanding the ship encounter situations is a tough task, since the uncertain motions of encountering ships and the long-lasting frequent interactions make the encounter processes dynamic and stochastic. If we can decompose these complex encounter processes into motion primitives, which represent the elementary interaction patterns, an encounter can be more easily understood and identified. In this study, we propose a two-stream Long Short-Term Memory-based autoencoder (LSTM-based AE) approach to extract motion primitives from multi-dimensional encounter data without specific rules and prior knowledge. This approach leverages the sequential representation ability of LSTM to learn the temporal dependencies of each encountering ship motion. Then, we developed a fusion gate named dynamic artificial potential field (DAPF) to fuse the outputs of two LSTMs and generated the high-level representation needed to capture the spatiotemporal relationships of the interactions. After that, through a clustering method, the motion primitives were automatically extracted to describe various interaction patterns. The effectiveness of this approach was validated by naturalistic encounter data. The low reconstruction errors of the LSTM-based AE demonstrated that high-level representations captured the relationships of the interactions in both temporal and spatial dimensions. Case studies demonstrated that the utilization of motion primitives provided a semantically interpretable technique to analyze the interaction patterns and encounter process, which is conducive to situation awareness and decision-making for developing intelligent ships.
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