A Global Theory of Remembering and Forgetting From Multiple Lists
A Global Theory of Remembering and Forgetting From Multiple Lists
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DOI：
10.1037/a0015728
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发表时间：
2009-07-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Malmberg, Kenneth J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lehman, Melissa;Malmberg, Kenneth J.
遗忘是令人沮丧的，通常是因为它是无意的。有时候，一个人可能会故意试图忘记一件事。本文提出了一个全面的再认和自由回忆理论，从多个列表实验中解释了遗忘和记忆的两种类型。该模型的关键假设是，有意和无意的遗忘往往是由于上下文干扰。无意遗忘是学习和考试之间语境变化的自然结果。有意遗忘是通过心理环境中快速的、元认知引发的变化来实现的，这种变化使要被遗忘的信息相对难以获得，而使要被记住的信息更容易获得（L。Sahakyan & C. M. Kelley，2002）。这种情况发生在识别和自由回忆中。项目方法定向遗忘，排除识别，源记忆和编码操作的影响进行了讨论。
Forgetting is frustrating, usually because it is unintended. Other times, one may purposely attempt to forget an event. A global theory of recognition and free recall that explains both types of forgetting and remembering from multiple list experiments is presented. The critical assumption of the model is that both intentional and unintentional forgetting are often due to contextual interference. Unintentional forgetting is the natural result of contextual changes between study and test. Intentional forgetting is accomplished by a rapid, metacognitively instigated change in mental context that renders to-be-forgotten information relatively inaccessible and renders to-be-remembered information more accessible (L. Sahakyan & C. M. Kelley, 2002). This occurs for both recognition and free recall. Implications for item-method directed forgetting, exclusion recognition, source memory, and encoding operations are discussed.