Neuroimaging studies of word reading
Neuroimaging studies of word reading
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.95.3.914
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发表时间：
1998-02-03
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Petersen, SE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fiez, JA;Petersen, SE
这篇综述讨论了神经成像如何有助于我们理解熟练阅读的一个基本方面：发音视觉呈现的单词的能力。神经成像的一个贡献是它提供了一种工具，用于定位在单词阅读过程中活跃的大脑区域，为了评估在不同研究中获得类似结果的程度，对9项关于单词阅读的神经成像研究进行了定量综述，通过这些研究，结果汇聚在一起，揭示了一组在单词阅读过程中活跃的区域，包括枕叶和枕颞叶皮质、左额盖、小脑内的双侧区域、初级运动皮质和上、中颞叶皮质，除了定位之外，在辅助运动区和前扣带回的内侧区域，挑战是使用神经成像作为一种工具来理解阅读是如何完成的，这一挑战的中心将是神经成像结果与来自其他方法的信息的整合。为了说明这一点，本综述将强调拼写到声音的一致性在从拼写(单词形式)到语音(单词声音)表征的转换中的重要性，然后探索来自三项神经成像研究的结果，其中刺激的拼写和声音的一致性被刻意地改变，重点放在观察到的左额叶皮质内的激活模式上。因为这些结果提供了一个例子，说明了将神经成像结果与正常受试者和大脑受损受试者的行为结果以及阅读理论模型联系起来所涉及的问题和好处。
This review discusses how neuroimaging can contribute to our understanding of a fundamental aspect of skilled reading: the ability to pronounce a visually presented word, One contribution of neuroimaging is that it provides a tool for localizing brain regions that are active during word reading, To assess the extent to which similar results are obtained across studies, a quantitative review of nine neuroimaging investigations of word reading was conducted, Across these studies, the results converge to reveal a set of areas active during word reading, including left-lateralized regions in occipital and occipitotemporal cortex, the left frontal operculum, bilateral regions within the cerebellum, primary motor cortex, and the superior and middle temporal cortex, and medial regions in the supplementary motor area and anterior cingulate, Beyond localization, the challenge is to use neuroimaging as a tool for understanding how reading is accomplished, Central to this challenge will be the integration of neuroimaging results with information from other methodologies, To illustrate this point, this review will highlight the importance of spelling-to-sound consistency in the transformation from orthographic (word form) to phonological (word sound) representations, and then explore results from three neuroimaging studies in which the spelling-to-sound consistency of the stimuli was deliberately varied, Emphasis is placed on the pattern of activation observed within the left frontal cortex, because the results provide an example of the issues and benefits involved in relating neuroimaging results to behavioral results in normal and brain damaged subjects, and to theoretical models of reading.