Education and family components of identity in the transition from school to work
Education and family components of identity in the transition from school to work
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DOI：
10.1080/016502598384504
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发表时间：
1998-03-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Bynner, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bynner, J
在所有的发展转变中，进入就业可能是成人身份形成的最核心的过程（Blustein，1997；Grotevant，1987；Savicas，1985，1993）。按照埃里克森和玛西娅的身份发展理论（Erikson，1968；Marcia，1966）的传统，以就业为导向（Super，1980；Vondracek，Lerner和Schulenberg，1986），Blustein，Devenis和Kidney（1989）表明，年轻人在就业过程中经历的决策过程与扩散阶段平行，取消赎回权、承诺和成就是身份发展的特征。这种关系是动态的，因为不断发展的身份驱使人们在不同类型的职业之间进行选择；与此同时，由雇主控制的劳动力市场上的机会限制了某些工作的招聘，或者在经济衰退时期，限制了任何工作的招聘。决定就业转型结果的身份的关键组成部分是年轻人所获得的教育属性，特别是反映在所获得的资格中的教育属性。根据人力资本理论（Becker，1975），资格中体现的技能是工作成功以及最终整个经济成功的关键要素。布迪厄和帕塞龙（Bourdieu and Passeron，1977）添加了不同的注释，认为这是中产阶级家庭和中产阶级获得的文化资本
Of all the developmental transitions, entry to employment is probably the most central to the formation of adult identity (Blustein, 1997; Grotevant, 1987; Savickas, 1985, 1993). Working within the tradition of Erikson’s and Marcia’s identity development theories (Erikson, 1968; Marcia, 1966), as directed towards employment (Super, 1980; Vondracek, Lerner, & Schulenberg, 1986), Blustein, Devenis, and Kidney (1989), showed that the decision-making process the young person moves through en route to employment parallels the stages of diffusion, foreclosure, commitment, and achievement which characterise identity development. The relation is dynamic in the sense that the developing identity drives the choices between the different kinds of occupation to pursue; and at the same time, the opportunities available in the labour market, as controlled by employers, limit recruitment to certain kinds of job, or in times of recession, to any kind of job at all.The critical component of identity that governs the outcome of the transition to employment is the educational attributes the young person has acquired, especially as re ected in the quali cations achieved. In terms of human capitaltheory (Becker, 1975), skills as embodied in quali cations are the key ingredients of job success and ultimately the success of the economy as a whole. Bourdieu and Passeron (1977) add a different gloss, arguing that it is the cultural capital acquired in middle class homes and in middle class