Recovery of amphibian, reptile, bird and mammal diversity during secondary forest succession in the tropics
Recovery of amphibian, reptile, bird and mammal diversity during secondary forest succession in the tropics
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DOI：
10.1111/oik.06252
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发表时间：
2019-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Aide, T. Mitchell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Acevedo-Charry, Orlando;Aide, T. Mitchell
在热带地区，许多研究都集中在人类活动放弃后植被和生态系统过程如何恢复，但对脊椎动物恢复模式的关注较少。本文对热带次生林演替（即自然更新）过程中两栖动物、爬行动物、鸟类和哺乳动物的恢复进行了荟萃分析（n = 147项研究）。在不同的分类类群中，我们比较了自然次生演替与参考林（成熟林和老生长林）的物种丰富度和组成相似性的变化。此外，我们还评估了热带湿润森林生物群落自然次生演替过程中森林专家的反应以及鸟类和哺乳动物功能群的变化。总体而言，各类群的物种丰富度均达到了参考林在自然次生演替过程中的水平，但在物种组成相似性方面却没有达到这一水平。森林专家恢复的延迟可能是物种组成相似性恢复延迟的原因。总体而言，脊椎动物的恢复随着演替阶段的增加而增加，但其他潜在的多样性恢复的预测因子，如地理环境（岛屿上两栖类和爬行类物种组成相似性恢复得更快）、降雨（低降雨地区哺乳动物物种丰富度和组成相似性恢复得更快）和景观环境（两栖类和爬行类）。在森林斑块较多的地区，爬行动物和哺乳动物的物种组成相似性恢复得更快，这影响了脊椎动物的恢复。这些结果证明了次生林在为许多脊椎动物提供栖息地方面的重要作用，但物种组成相似性、森林专家和一些功能类群（如食虫鸟类）的缓慢恢复突出了次生林持久性的挑战，并强烈主张继续保护原生林/成熟林作为森林专家的栖息地和次生林立地的来源。
In tropical regions, many studies have focused on how vegetation and ecosystem processes recover following the abandonment of anthropogenic activities, but less attention has been given to the recovery patterns of vertebrates. Here we conduct a meta-analysis (n = 147 studies) of amphibian, reptile, bird and mammal recovery during tropical secondary forest succession (i.e. natural regeneration). For each taxonomic group, we compared changes in species richness and compositional similarity during natural secondary succession to reference forests (mature or old growth forest). In addition, we evaluated the response of forest specialists and the change in bird and mammal functional groups during natural secondary succession in the tropical moist forest biome. Overall, species richness of all groups reached levels of the reference forests during natural secondary succession, but this was not the case for species compositional similarity. The delay in recovery of forest specialists may be the reason for the delay in recovery of species compositional similarity. Overall, vertebrate recovery increased with successional stage, but other potential predictors of diversity recovery, such as, the geographical setting (amphibian and reptile species compositional similarity recovered more rapidly on islands), rainfall (mammal species richness and compositional similarity recovered faster in regions of low rainfall), and the landscape context (amphibian, reptile and mammal species compositional similarity recovered faster in regions with more forest patches) influenced vertebrate recovery. These results demonstrate the important role of secondary forests in providing habitat for many vertebrates, but the slow recovery of species compositional similarity, forest specialists and some functional groups (e.g. insectivorous birds) highlighted the challenge of secondary forest persistence, and strongly argues for the continued protection of old growth/mature forest as habitat for forest specialists and as sources for secondary forest sites.