APPLICATION OF TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY TO RADIATION-DAMAGE IN CERAMICS
APPLICATION OF TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY TO RADIATION-DAMAGE IN CERAMICS
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1151-2916.1979.tb09480.x
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发表时间：
1979-01-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
HOBBS, LW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HOBBS, LW
陶瓷在许多辐射环境中正变得越来越重要。除了难熔的可裂变燃料外，增殖反应堆系统中的仪表还需要电绝缘体，并将广泛应用于所有聚变堆概念中，包括第一壁涂层、包层间隙、喷射器、偏转器、磁体绝缘和窗口。这些应用需要机械稳定(在某些情况下是透明的)的介电固体，它必须在严重的辐射场下保持电气和机械的完整性。低原子序数的耐火陶瓷材料在结构应用中也将越来越有用，因为它们抵抗活化，并产生较少令人不快的溅射污染物。陶瓷固体也可能越来越多地被用作活性核废料的储存介质。这些非金属材料的辐照行为是至关重要的，目前人们对它们的了解很少，但与特征更好的金属固体相比，透射电子显微镜开始显示出它们的行为既有显著的相似之处，也有显著的差异。
Ceramics are becoming increasingly important in many radiation environments. In addition to refractory fissionable fuels, electrical insulators will be needed for instrumentation in breeder reactor systems and will be widely applied in all fusion reactor concepts, including first‐wall coatings, blanket gaps, injectors, divertors, magnet insulation, and windows. These applications require mechanically stable (and in some cases transparent) dielectric solids which must maintain electrical as well as mechanical integrity under severe radiation fields. Refractory ceramic materials of low atomic number will be increasingly useful in structural applications as well because they resist activation and contribute less objectionable sputter contaminants. Ceramic solids are also likely to be increasingly utilized as repository media for active nuclear wastes. The irradiation behavior of these nonmetallic materials is critical and at present poorly understood, but transmission electron microscopy is beginning to reveal significant similarities, as well as substantial differences, in their behavior as compared to that of better‐characterized metallic solids.