HIV-1 drug resistance and resistance testing.
HIV-1 drug resistance and resistance testing.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.meegid.2016.08.031
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发表时间：
2016-12
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Shafer, Robert W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clutter, Dana S.;Jordan, Michael R.;Bertagnolio, Silvia;Shafer, Robert W.
抗逆转录病毒疗法在全球范围内的推广已导致艾滋病毒1型死亡率和发病率大幅下降。然而，艾滋病毒耐药性（HIV耐药性）对ART的长期成功构成了潜在威胁，并正在成为到2030年消除艾滋病这一公共卫生问题的威胁。在这篇综述中，我们描述了遗传机制，流行病学，并在不同的经济和地理环境中的个人和人群水平的艾滋病病毒的管理。为了描述HIVDR的遗传机制，我们回顾了最常用的抗逆转录病毒药物的耐药遗传障碍，并描述了它们之间的交叉耐药程度。为了描述艾滋病病毒耐药的流行病学，我们总结了高收入和中低收入国家（LMIC）中传播性耐药（TDR）和获得性耐药（ADR）的流行率和模式。我们还审查了两类具有重要公共卫生相关性的HIV-1DR：（i）治疗前耐药（PDR），世界卫生组织推荐的HIV-1DR监测指标和（ii）暴露前预防（PrEP）相关耐药，一种ADR，如果在治疗开始时存在，可能会影响临床结局。为了总结艾滋病耐药对患者管理的影响，我们回顾了基因型耐药检测和治疗实践在高收入和低收入国家环境中的作用。在高收入国家，耐药性检测是常规护理的一部分，这样的理解可以帮助临床医生通过为患者选择最有效的治疗方案，在个体水平上预防病毒学失败和进一步的HIVDR积累。虽然在低收入国家，获得诊断检测和许多抗逆转录病毒药物的机会减少，但了解艾滋病毒/艾滋病的科学基础和临床影响在所有区域都是有用的，以便形成适当的监测，为治疗算法提供信息，并管理疑难病例。
The global scale-up of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy (ART) has led to dramatic reductions in HIV-1 mortality and incidence. However, HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) poses a potential threat to the long-term success of ART and is emerging as a threat to the elimination of AIDS as a public health problem by 2030. In this review we describe the genetic mechanisms, epidemiology, and management of HIVDR at both individual and population levels across diverse economic and geographic settings. To describe the genetic mechanisms of HIVDR, we review the genetic barriers to resistance for the most commonly used ARVs and describe the extent of cross-resistance between them. To describe the epidemiology of HIVDR, we summarize the prevalence and patterns of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) and acquired drug resistance (ADR) in both high-income and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We also review to two categories of HIVDR with important public health relevance: (i) pre-treatment drug resistance (PDR), a World Health Organization-recommended HIVDR surveillance metric and (ii) and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)-related drug resistance, a type of ADR that can impact clinical outcomes if present at the time of treatment initiation. To summarize the implications of HIVDR for patient management, we review the role of genotypic resistance testing and treatment practices in both high-income and LMIC settings. In high-income countries where drug resistance testing is part of routine care, such an understanding can help clinicians prevent virological failure and accumulation of further HIVDR on an individual level by selecting the most efficacious regimens for their patients. Although there is reduced access to diagnostic testing and to many ARVs in LMIC, understanding the scientific basis and clinical implications of HIVDR is useful in all regions in order to shape appropriate surveillance, inform treatment algorithms, and manage difficult cases.
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DOI：
10.1097/00126334-200307010-00007
发表时间：
2003-07-01
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Ariyoshi, K;Matsuda, M;Sugiura, W
通讯作者：
Sugiura, W
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Antinori, A;Zaccarelli, M;Perno, CF
通讯作者：
Perno, CF
使用四个下一代测序平台来确定HIV-1共感受器的向流。
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Archer J;Weber J;Henry K;Winner D;Gibson R;Lee L;Paxinos E;Arts EJ;Robertson DL;Mimms L;Quiñones-Mateu ME
通讯作者：
Quiñones-Mateu ME
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Abram, Michael E.;Ferris, Andrea L.;Hughes, Stephen H.
通讯作者：
Hughes, Stephen H.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Afonso, Joana Morais;Bello, Gonzalo;Morgado, Mariza G.
通讯作者：
Morgado, Mariza G.