Hospital-acquired infections. I. Surveillance in a university hospital.
Hospital-acquired infections. I. Surveillance in a university hospital.
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医院获得性感染。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1976
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
J. Gwaltney
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Wenzel;C. A. Osterman;K. Hunting;J. Gwaltney
描述了一种新的监测系统，用于检测医院获得性感染。监测从病房开始，每周对护理计划（Kardex）进行审查，以选择高风险患者（约占总人口的65%）进行后续的图表审查。一名护士流行病学家每周需要16-25小时进行监测，另外需要4小时组织受感染患者的在线清单。与所有住院患者的前瞻性评估相比，Kardex评估在检测医院感染方面的准确率为82%至94%。新的监测方法比基于对所有接受全身抗生素治疗的患者和/或所有发热患者（口腔温度低于或等于37.8℃）的每周图表审查的系统更准确。此外，与主要依靠细菌学实验室进行监测的系统相比，它更准确，具有优势。在12个月期间，确定了1154例医院获得性感染，年感染率为7%。正在进行的监测数据用于按服务记录准确的感染率，确定各种医院程序的风险，并监测常见感染源的爆发。
A new system of surveillance is described for detecting hospital-aquired infections. Surveillance begins on the ward where a weekly review of the nursing care plan (Kardex) is used to select high risk patients (approximately 65% of the total population) for a subsequent chart review. A nurse-epidemiologist required 16-25 hr per week to perform surveillance and 4 more hr to organize line listings of infected patients. The Kardex review was 82 to 94 percent accurate in detecting nosocomial infections when compared to prospective reviews of the charts of all hospitalized patients. The new surveillance method was more accurate than a system based on weekly chart reviews of all patients receiving systemic antibiotics and/or of all patients with fever (temperature less than or equal to 37.8 C orally). In addition, it was more accurate and offered advantages over a system in which surveillance depended primarily on the bacteriology laboratory. Over a 12-month period 1154 hospital-acquired infections were identified for a 7% annual infection rate. Data from ongoing surveillance are used to record accurate infection rates by service, to define the risk of various hospital procedures, and to monitor for common source outbreaks of infection.