Spatial and Temporal Variability of Snow Bulk Density and Seasonal Snow Densification Behavior in Finland
Spatial and Temporal Variability of Snow Bulk Density and Seasonal Snow Densification Behavior in Finland
复制标题
芬兰雪体积密度的时空变化和季节性雪致密化行为
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Sirpa Rasmus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sirpa Rasmus
利用一套完整的积雪调查数据，研究了芬兰积雪体积密度和季节性积雪致密化行为的时空变化。月雪体积密度的映射显示出微小的差异，主要是表明在开放地区相比，茂密的森林条件下，略密集的积雪。开阔地/森林开口有统计学上不同的雪密度相比，森林条件下，最常见的融化期。平均而言，芬兰的雪在初冬的堆积密度约为200千克，到了3月，堆积密度会增加到约230千克，到了4月，堆积密度会增加到280千克以上。芬兰雪盖的平均致密化行为使该国位于海洋和针叶林雪区之间的过渡区。在最近几十年，初冬雪的体积密度在某些地点和/或生物型呈下降趋势;在融化期，出现了一些增加的趋势。在长时间序列的雪致密化行为的趋势大多是小的。在Jokioinen、Konnevesi和Kittilä的长时间系列中观察到雪密度的一些显著增加趋势。生物型之间的致密化行为没有显着差异。
The spatial and temporal variability of snow bulk density and seasonal snow densification behavior in Finland was studied using comprehensive set of snow survey data. Mapping of the monthly snow bulk densities showed small differences, mainly indicating slightly denser snow covers in the open areas compared to the dense forest conditions. Open areas / forest openings had statistically different snow densities compared to forested conditions most often during the melt period. On average, Finnish snow has a bulk density of approximately 200 kgmduring the early winter, and bulk density increases to approximately 230 kgm in March and to more than 280 kgm in April. The average densification behavior of the Finnish snow cover locates the country on a transition zone between the maritime and taiga snow zones. Early winter snow bulk densities showed decreasing trends at some locations and/or biotypes during recent decades; during the melt period some increasing trends were seen. Trends seen in long time series of the snow densification behavior were mostly small. Some significant increasing trends in snow densification were observed in the long times series from Jokioinen, Konnevesi and Kittilä. Densification behavior among the biotypes did not differ significantly.