Gender differences in fat metabolism
Gender differences in fat metabolism
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DOI：
10.1097/00075197-200111000-00006
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发表时间：
2001-11-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Blaak, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blaak, E
女性的体脂率通常高于男性。此外，女性在臀股区域储存更多脂肪，而男性在内脏（腹部）储存更多脂肪。这篇综述的重点是区域脂肪酸储存、动员和氧化的差异，这可能导致身体脂肪分布的性别差异。男性和女性在区域脂肪酸代谢的调节上存在明显的区域差异。首先，有证据表明，在体内，儿茶酚胺介导的腿部游离脂肪酸释放在女性中低于男性，而上身储存的游离脂肪酸释放是相当的。这些数据与体外脂肪组织活检数据相一致，表明儿茶酚胺介导的脂肪分解在女性上半身和下半身脂肪库之间的差异比男性更明显。其次，男性上半身皮下脂肪库释放的游离脂肪酸高于女性，表明男性上半身脂肪库对膳食摄入的抗脂溶作用有更高的抵抗力。第三，有迹象表明，与男性相比，女性的基础脂肪氧化（根据无脂肪量进行调整）更低，从而导致女性的脂肪储存更高。最后，女性餐后脂肪在皮下脂肪组织中的储存可能高于男性，而男性在内脏脂肪组织中的储存则被假设更高。上述差异可能在男女区域净脂肪储存差异中发挥作用，但关于脂肪酸代谢性别差异的体内研究数量非常有限，大多数研究结果有待证实。此外，有大量证据表明，女性在运动过程中从脂肪中获得的能量比例高于男性。就身体脂肪总量而言，这一发现似乎有悖直觉，因为女性的身体脂肪百分比是增加的。运动诱导脂肪氧化差异对24小时脂肪平衡的意义有待进一步研究。临床与护理杂志(4):499-502。(C) 2001利平科特·威廉姆斯·威尔金斯。
Women generally have a higher percentage of body fat than men. Also, women store more fat in the gluteal-femoral region, whereas men store more fat in the visceral (abdominal) depot. This review focuses on differences in regional fatty acid storage, mobilization and oxidation that may contribute to gender-related differences in body fat distribution. There are pronounced regional differences in the regulation of regional fatty acid metabolism between men and women. Firstly, there is evidence that in vivo, catecholamine mediated leg free fatty acid release is lower in women than in men, whereas free fatty acid release from the upper body depots is comparable. These data correspond to in-vitro adipose tissue biopsy data, which indicate a more pronounced difference in catecholamine mediated lipolysis between upper body and lower body fat depots in women than in men. Secondly, free fatty acid release by the upper body subcutaneous fat depots is higher in men than in women, indicating a higher resistance to the antilipolytic effect of meal ingestion in the upper body fat depots in men. Thirdly, there are indications that basal fat oxidation (adjusted for fat free mass) is lower in females as compared to males, thereby contributing to a higher fat storage in women. Finally, postprandial fat storage may be higher in subcutaneous adipose tissue in women than in men, whereas storage in visceral adipose tissue has been hypothesized to be higher in men. All the above differences may play a role in the variation in net regional fat storage between men and women, but the number of in-vivo studies on gender-related differences in fatty acid metabolism is very limited and most findings require confirmation. Furthermore, there is abundant evidence that the proportion of energy derived from fat during exercise is higher in women than in men. With respect to total body fat, this finding seems counterintuitive, as percentage body fat is increased in women. Further studies are necessary to investigate the significance of differences in exercise-induced fat oxidation on 24-h fat balance. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 4:499-502. (C) 2001 Lippincott Williams Wilkins.