Taxonomy and physiology of probiotic lactic acid bacteria
Taxonomy and physiology of probiotic lactic acid bacteria
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0168-1605(98)00049-x
复制
发表时间：
1998-05-26
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Reuter, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klein, G;Pack, A;Reuter, G
回顾了目前益生菌乳酸菌的分类，特别关注乳杆菌属、双歧杆菌属和肠球菌属。通过表型和基因组方法研究了这些属的物种和菌株的生理学和分类位置。包括模式菌株在内，总共包括176株菌株。所应用的表型方法基于生化、酶学和生理学特征，包括生长温度、细胞壁分析和总可溶性细胞质蛋白分析。使用的基因组方法包括脉冲场凝胶电泳 (PFGE)、随机扩增多态性 DNA-PCR (RAPD-PCR) 和双歧杆菌 DNA-DNA 杂交。在乳杆菌属中，研究了以下作为益生菌的重要物种：嗜酸乳杆菌组、干酪乳杆菌组和罗伊氏乳杆菌/L.。发酵组。益生菌产品中大多数被称为嗜酸乳杆菌的菌株可以被识别为加氏乳杆菌或约氏乳杆菌，它们都是嗜酸乳杆菌组的成员。类似的情况也出现在干酪乳杆菌组中，其中大多数命名为干酪乳杆菌的菌株属于副干酪乳杆菌亚种。最近的一项提议是拒绝副干酪乳杆菌物种，并将该物种纳入具有新型菌株的恢复干酪乳杆菌物种中，这一提议得到了蛋白质分析的支持。双歧杆菌属据报道，该菌株已用于生产发酵乳制品，最近还用于生产益生菌产品。根据表型特征并通过DNA-DNA杂交证实，大多数乳制品来源的双歧杆菌菌株属于动物双歧杆菌，尽管它们经常被制造商宣称为长双歧杆菌。来自肠球菌属，益生菌 Ec。研究了屎肠球菌菌株对 vanA 介导的糖肽抗性。通过分析 39kDa 抗性蛋白可以排除这些不需要的抗性。总之，益生菌乳酸菌的分类学和生理学只能通过将形态学、生化和生理学特征与基于分子的表型和基因组技术相结合的多相分类学来理解。 (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.
The current taxonomy of probiotic lactic acid bacteria is reviewed with special focus on the genera Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Enterococcus. The physiology and taxonomic position of species and strains of these genera were investigated by phenotypic and genomic methods. In total, 176 strains, including the type strains, have been included. Phenotypic methods applied were based on biochemical, enzymatical and physiological characteristics, including growth temperatures, cell wall analysis and analysis of the total soluble cytoplasmatic proteins. Genomic methods used were pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), randomly amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR (RAPD-PCR) and DNA-DNA hybridization for bifidobacteria. In the genus Lactobacillus the following species of importance as probiotics were investigated: L. acidophilus group, L. casei group and L. reuteril/L. fermentum group. Most strains referred to as L. acidophilus in probiotic products could be identified either as L. gasseri or as L. johnsonii, both members of the L. acidophilus group. A similar situation could be shown in the L. casei group, where most of the strains named L. casei belonged to L. paracasei subspp. A recent proposal to reject the species L. paracasei and to include this species in the restored species L. casei with a neotype strain was supported by protein analysis. Bifidobacterium spp. strains have been reported to be used for production of fermented dairy and recently of probiotic products. According to phenotypic features and confirmed by DNA-DNA hybridization most of the bifidobacteria strains from dairy origin belonged to B. animalis, although they were often declared as B. longum by the manufacturer. From the genus Enterococcus, probiotic Ec. faecium strains were investigated with regard to the vanA-mediated resistance against glycopeptides. These unwanted resistances could be ruled out by analysis of the 39kDa resistance protein. In conclusion, the taxonomy and physiology of probiotic lactic acid bacteria can only be understood by using polyphasic taxonomy combining morphological, biochemical and physiological characteristics with molecular-based phenotypic and genomic techniques. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.